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Hapsidophrys smaragdina (SCHLEGEL, 1837)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Emerald Snake 
SynonymDendrophis smaragdina SCHLEGEL 1837: 237
Leptophis gracilis HALLOWELL 1844
Leptophis smaragdinus – HALLOWELL 1854
Leptophis smaragdinus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 537
Leptophis smaragdinus – HALLOWELL 1857: 52
Hapsidophrys coeruleus FISCHER 1856: 111
Gastropyxis smaragdina – COPE 1860
Ahaetulla smaragdina — SCLATER 1891: 35
Gastropyxis smaragdina – BOULENGER 1894: 103
Hapsidophrys smaragdina — BOETTGER 1889: 279
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus – BARBOZA DU BOCAGE 1895: 13
Tropidophidion Steini WERNER 1902
Gastropyxis smaragdinus — STERNFELD 1917
Gastropyxis smaragdina – SCHMIDT 1923: 79
Gastropyxis smaragdina — ROMER 1953
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — BROADLEY 1966
Gastropyxis smaragdina — PITMAN 1974
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — WILLIAMS & WALLACH 1989
Gastropyxis smaragdina — MEIRTE 1992
Hapsidophrys smaragdina — BROADLEY 1998
Gastropyxis smaragdina — RÖDEL & MAHSBERG 2000
Hapsidophrys smaragdina — GOSSMANN et al. 2002
Hapsidophrys smaragdina — PAUWELS et al. 2004
Hapsidophrys smaragdina — CHIRIO & INEICH 2006
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — PAUWELS & VENDE WEGHE 2008
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — SEGNIAGBETO et al. 2012
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 320
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 499
Hapsidophrys smaragdina — CHIPPAUX & JACKSON 2019: 333
Hapsidophrys smaragdina — SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — PAUWELS & COLYN 2023
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — SPAWLS et al. 2023
Hapsidophrys smaragdinus — BÖHME et al. 2023 
DistributionUganda (DOUCET 1963), Zaire, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Congo (Brazzaville), Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Central African Republic (JOGER 1990), Nigeria, Togo, Benin ?, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea (Conakry), Guinea-Bissau, Gambia (HÅKANSSON 1981), Tanzania [HR 31: 55], São Tomé und Principé (Gulf of Guinea), Republic of South Sudan (RSS)

Type locality: „Goldküste".  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: RMNH 909 (Eschricht) designated by Hughes and Barry, 1969: 1017; one syntype is 750 mm. 
Diagnosis 
CommentDistribution: Not listed for Tanzania by BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991. Has been reported from Sao Tome but records neen confirmation (SCHÄTTI & LOUMONT 1992). Not reported from Benin according to ULLENBRUCH et al. 2010. For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022.

Type species: Dendrophis smaragdina SCHLEGEL 1837 is the type species of the genus Gastropyxis COPE 1860, now a synonym of Hapsidophrys FISCHER 1856.

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “smaragdinus” for “emerald,” an obvious allusion to the bright green ground color of this species. 
References
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