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Ablepharus grayanus (STOLICZKA, 1872)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Eugongylinae (Eugongylini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Minor Snake-eyed Skink 
SynonymBlepharosteres grayanus STOLICZKA 1872: 74
Ablepharus grayanus — BOULENGER 1887: 352
Ablepharus grayanus — SMITH 1935: 311
Ablepharus pannonicus grayanus — MERTENS 1970
Ablepharus grayanus — GREER 1974: 9
Ablepharus grayanus — DAS 1996: 45
Ablepharus grayanus — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ablepharus grayanus — KARAMIANI et al. 2018 
DistributionSW India (incl. Gujarat), S Pakistan, Iran, possibly Afghanistan (LEVITON 1959: 461)

Type locality: Waggur district, N.E. Cutch  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ZSI 5403, NMW 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Body slender shorter the tail moderately depressed. Snout obtuse; rostral reaches the top of the head and it is broader than high; anterior frontal single hexagonal broadly in contact with the rostral; but narrowly with the vertical; posterior frontal separated; each a little smaller than anterior frontal; and in contact with a small shield on the upper anterior angle of the eye; vertical elongate, subquadrangular, posterior sides the longer ones; three superciliary shields, followed by two small ones, obliquely descending on the two temporal regions; anterior occipital single, pentagonal, pointed in the front, and behind forming a suture with a small suboval median. The number of scales around the body is, therefore, generally only 26 and 28 and rarely 30. Occipital behind which the two elongated occipital also forms a suture; nasal single, lateral, followed by the postnasal; one elongately quadrangular loreal; two rows of the small shield along the anterior upper and posterior edge of the eye; one small postocular followed a little higher up by a large temporal, in contact with the last upper labial and the post occipital; a few enlarged shields behind the occipitals; 18-20 longitudinal rows of scales around the middle of the body, and 36-38 transverse rows between fore and the hind limbs; 7 upper labials, the 5th longest, under the eye, the last highest; 6 lower labials; first chin shield single, followed by the 3 pairs of which only the first forms a suture; two perineal shields enlarged; subcaudals in one row, enlarged, and very numerous. The fore-limb when laid forward reached the angle of the mouth, the hind-limb is three-fifths the distance between it and the fore-limb (contributed by Dikansh Parmar, 25 March 2022). 
CommentDistribution: previously reported from mountain regions of the eastern former Soviet central Asia (possibly now Kyrgyzstan?) [fide Terent'ev and Chernov], and Iran, but probably representing other species. See Sindaco & Jeremencenko 2008: 336 (map 111). 
EtymologyNamed after British zoologist John Edward Gray (1800 – 1875), Keeper of Zoology at the British Museum in London from 1840 until 1874, although he started working at the museum in 1824. 
References
  • Ali, Waqas; Arshad Javid, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Hamda Azmat and Ghazala Jabeen 2016. The Amphibians and Reptiles Collected from Different Habitat Types in District Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool. 48(4): 1201-1204 - get paper here
  • Ardesana, R., B. Trivedi, R. Jadav, R. Jhala, P. Joshi, M. Bharad & J. Ardesana 2019. Lined Supple Skink: notes on Lygosoma lineata from Rajkot City, Gujarat, India. Zoo’s Print 34 (3): 15-18 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Karamiani, Rasoul; Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar Rastegar-Pouyani , Morteza Akbarpour , Ehsan Damadi 2015. Verification of the Minor Snake-eyed Skink, Ablepharus grayanus (Stoliczka, 1872) (Sauria: Scincidae), from Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 61 (3): 226; DOI:10.1080/09397140.2015.1069241 - get paper here
  • Karamiani, Rasoul; Rastegar-Pouyani, Nasrullah; Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar 2018. Modeling the Past and Current Distribution and Habitat Suitability for Ablepharus grayanus and A. pannonicus (Sauria: Scincidae). Asian Herpetological Research 9 (1): 56-64 - get paper here
  • Khan, M.S. 2003. CHECKLIST AND KEY TO THE LIZARDS OF PAKISTAN. Pakistan J. Zool. Suppl. Ser. (1): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Leviton, A.E. 1959. Systematics and Zoogeography of Philippine Snakes. Unpublished PhD Thesis.
  • Leviton, Alan E. 1959. Report on a collection of reptiles from Afghanistan. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 29 (12): 445-463 - get paper here
  • MERTENS, R. 1970. Die Amphibien und Reptilien West-Pakistans. 1. Nachtrag. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, 216: 1-5 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; and Raju Vyas 2019. Reptiles of Gujarat, India: Updated Checklist, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Herpetology Notes 12: 765-777 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1935. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptiles and Amphibia, Vol. II. Sauria. Taylor and Francis, London, 440 pp.
  • Stoliczka, F. 1872. Notes on the Reptilian and Amphibian Fauna of Kachh. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 1872: 71-85 - get paper here
  • Terentjev, P. V. and Chernov, S. A. 1965. Key to amphibians and reptiles. 3rd edition. Translated from Russian. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd., Jerusalem.
  • Vaissi, S., Kurnaz, M., Şahin, M.K. et al. 2023. Climatic Niche Divergence and Conservatism Promote Speciation in Snake-Eyed Skinks (Sauria: Scincidae): New Insight into the Evolution and Diversification of Ablepharus Species. Evol Biol (2023) - get paper here
  • Venugopal, P.D. 2010. An updated and annotated list of Indian lizards (Reptilia: Sauria) based on a review of distribution records and checklists of Indian reptiles. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2 (3): 725-738. - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2007. Present conservation scenario of reptile fauna in Gujarat State, India. Indian Forester, Oct 2007: 1381-1394 - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2011. Priliminary Survey on Reptiles of Jassore Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat State, India. Russ. J. Herpetol. 18 (3): 210-214 - get paper here
 
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