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Acanthodactylus grandis BOULENGER, 1909

IUCN Red List - Acanthodactylus grandis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Giant Fringe-fingered Lizard 
SynonymAcanthodactylus grandis BOULENGER 1909
Acanthodactylus fraseri BOULENGER 1918
Acanthodactylus fraseri — BOULENGER 1920: 353
Acanthodactylus grandis — SALVADOR 1982: 110
Acanthodactylus grandis— HARRIS & ARNOLD 2000
Acanthodactylus grandis — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Acanthodactylus grandis — NASRABADI et al. 2017 
DistributionE Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, N Saudi Arabia, W Iran

Type locality: Zobeya [= Az Zubayr, 30°23'N, 47°43'E], Shariba, Lower Mesopotamia [Iraq])  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1909.4.20.29 (Jerud), MNHN-RA 23.8—11, BMNH 1946.9.2.69—70 (Khan Agach). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Four supraoculars. One row of granules between the superciliaries and the supraoculars. Four supralabials anterior to the subocular. Temporals granular and not keeled. Unpectinate eyelids. Anterior border of ear opening only lightly pectinate. Small dorsal scales. 14 or 16 oblique longitudinal rows of ventrals. Four series of scales on fingers. Lateral pectination scant or completely absent on toes (Salvador 1982: 110). 
CommentDistribution: The locality given in the original description by BOULENGER 1909 is “at Jerud and Ataïbé, east of Damascus, and near Khan Agach, between Damascus and Kutaïfé”. See map in SMID et al. 2014 for distribution in Iran. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin grandis, meaning ‘big’ or ‘large’, in reference to the larger body size of this new species compared to congeners. 
References
  • Al-Quran, S. 2009. The Herpetofauna of the Southern Jordan. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 6 (4): 385-391 [this journal has a dubious record, see http://goo.gl/81SBPv]
  • Al-Sadoon, Mohammed K., Bilal Ahmad Paray, Hamad S. Al-Otaibi 2016. Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. V. The lizard fauna of Turaif region. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.04.005 - get paper here
  • Al-Shammari, Ahmed M. 2012. Additional Records of Lizards in Ha'il Province, Saudi Arabia. Russ. J. Herpetol. 19 (4): 287-291 - get paper here
  • Anderson, Steven C 1999. The lizards of Iran. Contributions to Herpetology Volume 15, Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Saint Louis, Missouri: i-vii, 1-442 [review in Copeia 2000 (4): 1144] - get paper here
  • Baran I. ,Kumlutas Y. , Lanza B., Sindaco R. ,Ilgaz Ç. Avci, A. ,Crucitti P. 2005. Acanthodactylus harranensis, A New Species of Lizard from Southeastern Turkey (Reptilia: Sauria: Lacertidae). Boll. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino 23 (1): 323-341
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1909. Description of a new lizard of the genus Acanthodactylus from Syria. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 4: 188-189 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1920. A list of Lizards from Mesopotamia collected by Members of the Mesopotamian Expeditionary Force 1915-1919. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27: 351-353 - get paper here
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1918. Description of a new lizard of the genus Acanthodactylus from Mesopotamia. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25: 373-374 - get paper here
  • Disi, A.M.; Modry, D.; Necas, P. & Rifai, L. 2001. Amphibians and reptiles of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 408 pp.
  • Disi, Ahmad M., Zuhair S. Amr and Harald Martens 2004. On a collection of amphibians and reptiles made by J. Klapperich in Jordan. Herpetozoa 16 (3/4):141-150 - get paper here
  • Frommer, Jürgen 2008. Beobachtungen an den Eidechsen Jordaniens. Die Eidechse 19 (1): 1-13 - get paper here
  • Haas G. and Werner, Y. L. 1969. Lizards and snakes from Southwestern Asia, collected by Henry Field. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 138: 327-406. - get paper here
  • HEIDARI, Nastaran; Hiva FAIZI, Nasrullah RASTEGAR-POUYANI and Eskandar RASTEGAR-POUYANI 2012. A New Record of Acanthodactylus cantoris (Sauria: Lacertidae) and Its Comparison with Closely Related A. blanfordi in Southeastern Iran. Asian Herpetological Research 3 (1): - get paper here
  • HEIDARI, NASTARAN; NASRULLAH RASTEGAR POUYANI, ESKANDAR RASTEGAR-POUYANI & MEHDI RAJABIZADEH 2013. A new species of Acanthodactylus Fitzinger 1834 (Sauria: Lacertidae) from southern Iran. Zootaxa 3722 (3): 333–346 - get paper here
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Leviton,A.E.; Anderson,S.C.; Adler, K.; Minton,S.A. 1992. Handbook to Middle East Amphibians and Reptiles. SSAR, Oxford, Ohio (Contr. to Herpetol. No. 8), 1-252
  • NASRABADI, REZA; NASRULLAH RASTEGAR-POUYANI, ESKANDAR RASTEGAR-POUYANI, AHMAD GHARZI 2017. A revised key to the lizards of Iran (Reptilia: Squamata: Lacertilia). Zootaxa 4227 (3): 431–443 - get paper here
  • RASTEGAR-POUYANI, NASRULLAH; HAJI GHOLI KAMI, MEHDI RAJABZADEH, SOHEILA SHAFIEI AND STEVEN CLEMENT ANDERSON 2008. Annotated Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 4 (1): 7-30
  • Salvador, A 1982. A revision of the lizards of the genus Acanthodactylus (Sauria: Lacertidae). Bonner Zool. Monogr. (16): 1-167 - get paper here
  • Schlüter, U. 2013. Fransenfingereidechsen (Acanthodactylus) in der Natur und im Terrarium. Teil 6: Die Acanthodactylus-boskianus-Gruppe. Reptilia (Münster) 18 (99): 58-64 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R.; Serra, G. & Menegon, M. 2006. New data on the Syrian herpetofauna with a newly-recorded species of snake. Zoology of the Middle-East 37: 29-38 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, Roberto; Riccardo Nincheri, Benedetto Lanza 2014. Catalogue of Arabian reptiles in the collections of the “La Specola” Museum, Florence. Scripta Herpetologica. Studies on Amphibians and Reptiles in honour of Benedetto Lanza: pp. 137-164 - get paper here
  • ŠMÍD, JIŘÍ; JIŘÍ MORAVEC, PETR KODYM, LUKÁŠ KRATOCHVÍL, SEYYED SAEED HOSSEINIAN YOUSEFKHANI, ESKANDAR RASTEGAR-POUYANI & DANIEL FRYNTA 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 001–097 - get paper here
  • van der Kuyl, Antoinette C.; Donato L. Ph. Ballasina, John T. Dekker, Jolanda Maas, Ronald E. Willemsen and Jaap Goudsmit 2002. Phylogenetic Relationships among the Species of the Genus Testudo (Testudines: Testudinidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial 12S rRNA Gene Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22: 174-183 - get paper here
  • Werner, Y. L. 1971. Lizards and snakes from Transjordan, recently acquired by the British Museum (Natural Hisrory). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology21: 213-256. - get paper here
 
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