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Agama knobeli BOULENGER & POWER, 1921

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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Agaminae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Southern Rock Agama 
SynonymAgama anchietae var. knobeli BOULENGER & POWER 1921: 271
Agama anchietae knobeli — FITZSIMONS 1935: 532
Agama atra knobeli — MERTENS 1955: 57
Agama atra knobeli — WERMUTH 1967: 8
Agama knobeli — MATTHEE & FLEMMING 2002
Agama knobeli — WAGNER et al. 2009
Agama knobeli — HERRMANN & BRANCH 2013
Agama atra knobelli — BRANCH 1994
Agama knobeli — SCHLEICHER 2020 
DistributionNamibia (Mountains between Lüderitz Bay and Keetmanshoop).

Type locality: SW Africa  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesSyntype: MGM; paratypes: MGM 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy partly after WERMUTH 1967 and P. Wagner (pers. comm., 24 Oct 2011).

Subspecies: MATTHEE & FLEMMING 2002 and WAGNER et al. (2009) elevated A. a. knobeli to full species status. However, Wagner’s diagnosis is not sufficiently quantitative to make a clear distinction: “Agama atra is lacking the prominent large tail crest and has more spinose scales as A. knobeli, but further research on the relationships of these two species is in need. However, A. knobeli differs from A. cristata in (a) having larger body scales, (b) dorsal scales in same size as ventral scales and (c) in having a pale vertebral stripe in nuptial coloured adult males, and (d) a geographic distribution restricted to Namibia.” 
EtymologyNamed after Captain J.B. Knobel, who collected the types. 
References
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • Barts, M. 2003. Die Agamen des südlichen Afrikas. Draco 4 (14): 70-79 - get paper here
  • Bauer, A.M., and Branch, W.R. 2003. The herpetofauna of the Richtersveld National Park, Northern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa. Herpetological Natural History 8: 111-160 [2001]
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1896. Descriptions of two new lizards from the Transvaal. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 17: 21—22 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger,G.A. & POWER, J.H. 1921. A revision of the South African agamas allied to Agama hispida and A. atra. Transact. roy. Soc. S. Africa, CapeTown, 9: 229-287; https://doi.org/10.1080/00359192109520217 - get paper here
  • Branch, William R. 1993. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 144 S.
  • Branch, William R. 1994. Herpetofauna of the Sperrgebeit [sic] Region of Southern Namibia. Herpetological Natural History 2 (1): 1-11.
  • Bruton & HAACKE 1980. Studies on the Ecology of Maputoland. 254 pp.
  • CONRADIE, W., DOUCETTE-RIISE, S., VANHOOYDONCK, B., ENGELBRECHT, H., MEASEY, G.J., & TOLLEY, K. 2011. Herpetological survey of Rooipoort Nature Reserve, Northern Cape, South Africa. African Herp News (53): 35-41 - get paper here
  • Cooper Jr., W.E. 2005. Duration of movement as a lizard foraging movement variable. Herpetologica 61 (4): 363-372 - get paper here
  • Daudin, F. M. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, génerale et particulièredes reptiles, ouvrage faisant suite, a l'histoiure naturelle, générale et particulière composée par LECLERC DE BUFFON, et redigée par C. S. SONNINI, vol. 3. F. Dufart, Paris, 452 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • FitzSimons, V. F. 1935. Notes on a collection of reptiles and amphibians made in the Southern Kalahari, Bushmanland, and Great and Little Namaqualand. Annals Transvaal Mus., Pretoria 17: 519-550 - get paper here
  • Grubermann, M. 2013. Einige fotografische Beobachtungen an Agamen in Kenia, Tansania, Malawi, Südafrika und Namibia. Iguana 26 (1): 23-33
  • Herrmann, H.-W.; W.R. Branch 2013. Fifty years of herpetological research in the Namib Desert and Namibia with an updated and annotated species checklist. Journal of Arid Environments 93: 94–115 - get paper here
  • LEACHÉ, Adam D.; Rebecca A. CHONG, Theodore J. PAPENFUSS, Philipp WAGNER, Wolfgang BÖHME, Andreas SCHMITZ, Mark-Oliver RÖDEL, Matthew LEBRETON, Ivan INEICH, Laurent CHIRIO, Aaron BAUER, Edem A. ENIANG, & Sherif BAHA EL DIN 2009. Phylogeny of the genus Agama based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Bonner zoologische Beiträge 56 (4): 273–278 - get paper here
  • Loveridge, A. 1936. African reptiles and amphibians in the Field Museum of Natural History. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, 22 (1): 1-122 - get paper here
  • Macey, J. R., J. A. Schulte II, A. Larson, N. B. Ananjeva, Y. Wang, R. Pethiyagoda, N. Rastegar-Pouyani, T. J. Papenfuss 2000. Evaluating trans-Tethys migration: an example using acrodont lizard phylogenetics. Systematic Biology 49 (2): 233-256 - get paper here
  • Matschie, G.F.P. 1891. Ueber eine kleine Sammlung von Reptilien und Amphibien aus Süd-Afrika. Zool. Jahrb., Abtl. Systematik (Jena) 5 [1890]: 605-611 - get paper here
  • Matthee, C.A. & Flemming, A.F., 2002. Population fragmentation in the southern rock agama, Agama atra: more evidence for vicariance in Southern Africa. Molecular Ecology 11: 465-471 - get paper here
  • Mertens,R. 1955. Die Amphibien und Reptilien Südwestafrikas. Aus den Ergebnissen einer im Jahre 1952 ausgeführten Reise. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) 490: 1-172 - get paper here
  • Schleicher, Alfred 2015. Reptilien Namibias. Namibia Scientific  Society, 276 pp.
  • Schleicher, Alfred 2020. Reptiles of Namibia. Kuiseb Publishers, Windhoek, Namibia, 271 pp.
  • Tolley, Krystal A.; Jane Sakwa Makokha, Darren T. Houniet, Belinda L. Swart and Conrad A. Matthee 2009. The potential for predicted climate shifts to impact genetic landscapes of lizards in the South African Cape Floristic Region. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 51 (1): 120-130 - get paper here
  • van Wyk, J.H. & L. Ruddock2000 2001. The male reproductive cycle of the lizard Agama atra (Sauria: Agamidae) in central South Africa. Amphibia-Reptilia 22 (1): 119-123 - get paper here
  • Wagner, P.; Ineich, I.; Leaché, A.D.; Wilms, T.M.; Trape, S.; Böhme, W. & Schmitz, A. 2009. Studies on African Agama VI. Taxonomic status of the West African Agama (Sauria: Agamidae) with prominent tail crests: Agama boulengeri Lataste 1886, Agama insularis Chabanaud, 1918 and Agama cristata Mocquard, 1905. Bonner zoologische Beiträge 56 (4): 239–253 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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