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Agkistrodon howardgloydi CONANT, 1984

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Gloyd’s Moccasin
G: Gloyds Mokassinschlange 
SynonymAgkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi CONANT 1984: 135
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi — VILLA 1984:18
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi — GLOYD & CONANT 1990: 87
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi — MCDIARMID et al. 1999
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi —PARKINSON et al. 2000: 412
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi —SMITH & CHISZAR 2001: 134
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi —CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004: 263
Agkistrodon howardgloydi — PORRAS et al. 2013
Agkistrodon howardgloydi — SUNYER & MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA 2023 
DistributionNW Costa Rica, W Nicaragua, S Honduras

Type locality: tropical dry forest, 0.8 km north of Mirador el Cañon del Tigre, Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, Guanacaste, Costa Rica.  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: AMNH 125525, male 
Diagnosis 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: WALLACH et al. 2014 lists this species as synonym of A. bilineatus.

Similar species: Agkistrodon howardgloydi and A. russeolus are genetically very closely related (Alencar et al. 2016).

Distribution: See map in Trutnau (2001) and Porras et al. 2013.

Illustration in Penner (2001). 
EtymologyNamed after Howard Kay Gloyd (1902-1978), American herpetologist. 
References
  • Alencar, Laura R.V.; Tiago B. Quental, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Michael L. Alfaro, Marcio Martins, Mericien Venzon, Hussam Zaher 2016. Diversification in vipers: Phylogenetic relationships, time of divergence and shifts in speciation rates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 105: 50–62 - get paper here
  • Bolanos, R., & MONTERO, J. R. 1971. Agkistrodon bilineatus Günther from Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 16 [1970]: 277-279. - get paper here
  • Burger, W.L. & Robertson,W.B. 1951. A new subspecies of the Mexican moccasin, Agkistrodon bilineatus. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 34 (5): 213-218 - get paper here
  • Calmonte, T. 1982. Agkistrodon bilineatus taylori - ein selten imprtierter Dreieckskopf aus Mexiko. Herpetofauna 4 (20): 26-27 - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • Castro-Franco, R. & Guadalupe Bustos Zagal, M. 2004. Additional records and range extensions of reptiles from Morelos, México. Herpetological Review 35 (2): 196-197 - get paper here
  • Conant, R. 1984. A new subspecies of the pit viper Agkistrodon bilineatus (Reptilia: Viperidae) from Central America. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 97: 135-141 - get paper here
  • Cruz, G.; Wilson, L.D.; Espinosa, J. 1979. Two ADDITIONS TO THE REPTILE FAUNA OF HONDURAS) EUMECES MANAGUAE DUNN AND AGKISTRODON BILINEATUS (GUNTHER)) WITH COMMENTS ON PELAMIS PLATURUS (LINNAEUS). Herpetological Review 10 (1): 26-27 - get paper here
  • Dunaev E.A., Orlova V.F. 2003. Diversity of snakes (on the materials of the exposition of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University). Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 376 pp
  • Gloyd, H. and Conant, R. 1943. A synopsis of the American forms of Agkistrodon (Copperheads and Moccasins). Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 7: 147-170
  • Gloyd, H. K. 1972. A subspecies of Agkistrodon bilineatus (Serpentes: Crotalidae) on the Yucatán Peninsula, México. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 84: 327-334. - get paper here
  • Gower, D.; Garrett, K. & Stafford, P. 2012. Snakes. Firefly Books, Buffalo, NY,<br />144 p..
  • Günther. A. 1863. Third account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 12: 348 - 365 - get paper here
  • Hoevers, L., & HENDERSON, R. W. 1974. Additions to the herpetofauna of Belize (British Honduras). Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contr. Biol. Geol. No. 2, 6 pp. - get paper here
  • Lee, J. C. 2000. A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of the Maya world. Cornell University Press, Ithaca,
  • Martin, Plul S. 1958. A biogeography of reptiles and amphibians in the Gomez Farias Region, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Miscellaneous publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (101): 1-102 + 7 plates - get paper here
  • McCranie J R 2011. The snakes of Honduras. SSAR, Salt Lake City, 725 pp.
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R., and Alexander Gutsche 2016. The herpetofauna of islands in the Golfo de Fonseca and adjacent waters, Honduras. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (4): 842–899 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Meléndez, Lester 2012. Reptilienerinnerungen à la Guatemala. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (3): 40-41 - get paper here
  • Pachmann, A. 2012. Baumschleichen statt Blumen. Reptilia (Münster) 17 (98): 16-17 - get paper here
  • Parkinson,C.L. 1999. Molecular systematics and biogeographical history of pitvipers as determined by mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. Copeia 1999 (3): 576-586 - get paper here
  • Parkinson,C.L., Zamudio, K.R. & Greene, H.W. 2000. Phylogeography of the pitviper clade Agkistrodon: historical ecology, species status and conservation of cantils. Molecular Ecology 9: 411-420 - get paper here
  • Penner, J. 2001. Der grösste Schlangenzoo Lateinamerikas - ein Praktikum im “World of Snakes” Grecia, Costa Rica. Elaphe 9 (4): 81-85
  • Porras LW, Wilson LD, Schuett GW, Reiserer R.S. 2013. A taxonomic reevaluation and conservation assessment of the common cantil, Agkistrodon bilineatus (Squamata: Viperidae): a race against time. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 7 (1): 48–73 - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. & Solórzano, A. 2006. Die Schlangen Costa Ricas. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (61): 20-27 - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. & Solórzano, A. 2006. Costa Rica’s venomous snakes. Reptilia (GB) (48): 11-17 - get paper here
  • Preißler, D. 2004. Alles über Schlangen. Draco 5 (17): 4-21 - get paper here
  • Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 934 pp. [review in Copeia 2003 (1): 205]
  • Schmidt, K. E, & INGER, R. F. 1957. Living Reptiles of the World. Doubleday & Co., 287 pp. - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P.;Shannon, Frederick A. 1947. Notes on amphibians and reptiles of Michoacan, Mexico. Zoological Series of Field Museum of Natural History 31 (9): 63-85
  • Smith, Hobart M. and David Chiszar 2001. A new subspecies of Cantil (Agkistrodon bilineatus) from Central Veracruz, Mexico (Reptilia: Serpentes). Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 37 (4): 130-136 - get paper here
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 1984. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Kupferkopfs - Agkistrodon contortrix (LINNAEUS 1766). Herpetofauna 7 (35): 14-26 - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 2001. Einige Bemerkungen zur Biologie, Pflege und Nachzucht der mexikanischen Giftschlangenart Agkistrodon bilineatus GÜNTHER 1863. Herpetofauna 23 (131): 5-14 - get paper here
  • Webb, R.G. 1984. Herpetogeography in the Mazatlán-Durango Region of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. Vetrebrate Ecology and Systematics - A ribute to Henry S. Fitch; Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, pp. 217-241
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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