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Alopoglossus brevifrontalis (BOULENGER, 1912)

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Higher TaxaAlopoglossidae, Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Boulenger's Largescale Lizard
E: Loveridge's Largescale Lizard [nicefori]
Portuguese: Briba, Calango, Lagartixa, Lagarto 
SynonymPtychoglossus brevifrontalis BOULENGER 1912: 421
Anadia nicefori LOVERIDGE 1929 (fide PELOSO et al. 2010)
Ptychoglossus nicefori — DUNN 1944
Ptychoglossus nicefori — PETERS et al. 1970: 245
Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis — PETERS et al. 1970: 244
Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis (part) — DIXON & SOINI 1975
Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis — DUELLMAN 1978: 222
Ptychoglossus nicefori — HARRIS 1994: 253
Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis — DIRKSEN & DE LA RIVA 1999
Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis — LEHR 2002: 79
Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis — RIBEIRO-JUNIOR & AMARAL 2016
Alopoglossus brevifrontalis — HERNÁNDEZ-MORALES et al. 2020 
DistributionEcuador, Peru (Ucayali etc.), Bolivia (Cochabamba), Brazil (Rondonia, Pará, Acre, Amazonas), Colombia (Vaupes), Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana

Type locality: El Topo, Río Pastaza, Ecuador.

niceofori: Colombia (eastern slopes of the Andes and gallery forests in the adjacent llanos, 150-1650 m elevation), Venezuela (Mérida). Type locality: Río Garagoa at Macanal, eastern Andes, Colombia.  
Reproductionoviparous; Gravid females containing two oviducal eggs were taken in the months of April, June, July, September and December. The largest oviducal egg measured 4.8 x 6.4 mm, smallest 3.2 x 3.3 mm (Dixon & Soini 1975). 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.8.31.63 (formerly 1912.11.1.33)
Holotype: MCZ 27340 [nicefori] 
DiagnosisColoration: Males and females are identical in dorsal coloration but males tend to have reddish venters while those of the females are yellowish tan. If the dorsolateral light line is evident, it is reddish in males, obscure in females. The mid-dorsal area of the body is generally flecked and spotted with dark brown. Occasionally the anterior and posterior edges of the dorsal scales are blackish brown, giving an illusion of narrow crossbands on the body in both sexes (Dixon & Soini 1975).

Scalation: Through the courtesy of Alice Grandison of the British Museum, the number of scales around the body of the holotype of P. brevifrontalis was found to be 33 rather than 24 as reported by Boulenger (1912). A comparison of P. nicefori material from Colombia with P. brevifrontalis material from Ecuador and Peru suggests that the two species are conspecific. The number of scales around the body of the Ecuador and Peru sample ranged from 33 to 38, the Colombian sample 31 to 32. All other data taken from the two samples indicates complete overlap, including the color pattern. Dixon & Soini 1975 therefore suggested that P. nicefori be placed in the synonomy of P. brevifrontalis (Dixon & Soini 1975). 
CommentSimilar species: Arthrosaura reticulata, Alopoglossus angulatus.

Predation: One specimen was removed from the stomach of the snake, Rhadinaea brevirostris (Dixon & Soini 1975). 
EtymologyPtychoglossus brevifrontalis was named after the frontal and frontonasal scales that are both broader than long (Latin brevis = short).
Anadia nicefori was named after Brother Nicéforo María (see also P. danieli). 
References
  • Avila-Pires, T.C.S. 1995. Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata). Zoologische Verhandelingen 299: 1-706 - get paper here
  • BARRIO, C.L., DIAZ DE PASCUAL, A. & CHACON, A. 2003. Geographic Distribution; Sauria Ptychoglossus nicefori. Herpetological Review 34, (2): 167 - get paper here
  • Bernarde, Paulo Sérgio;, Reginaldo Assêncio Machado & Luiz Carlos Batista Turci 2011. Herpetofauna da área do Igarapé Esperança na Reserva Extrativista Riozinho da Liberdade, Acre – Brasil. Biota Neotropica 11 (3): 117-144 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1912. Descriptions of new reptiles from the Andes of South America, preserved in the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 10: 420-424 - get paper here
  • CATENAZZI, A., LEHR, E. & VON MAY, R. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Manu National Park and its buffer zone, Amazon basin and eastern slopes of the Andes, Peru. Biota Neotropica 13 (4): 269-283
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  • Dewynter M, Godé L, Girardot T, Courtois EA 2020. First record of Ptychoglossus brevifrontalis Boulenger, 1912 (Squamata, Alopoglossidae) in French Guiana. Check List 16(1): 155-161 - get paper here
  • DIAGO-TORO, MARÍA F.; DANIELA GARCÍA-COBOS, GIOVANNI D. BRIGANTE-LUNA & JUAN D. VÁSQUEZ-RESTREPO. 2021. Fantastic lizards and where to find them: cis-Andean microteiids (Squamata: Alopoglossidae & Gymnophthalmidae) from the Colombian Orinoquia and Amazonia. Zootaxa 5067(3): 377–400. - get paper here
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