Amyda ornata (GRAY, 1861)
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Amyda ornata
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| Higher Taxa | Trionychidae (Trionychinae), Trionychoidea, Testudines (turtles) |
| Subspecies | Amyda ornata ornata (GRAY 1861) Amyda ornata jongli PRASCHAG & GEMEL 2022 Amyda ornata phayrei (THEOBALD 1868) |
| Common Names | |
| Synonym | Trionyx ornatus GRAY 1861: 422 Amyda ornata ornata — FRITZ et al. 2014 Amyda ornata ornata — TTWG 2017: 164 Amyda cartilaginea ornata — TTWG 2017: 164 Amyda ornata ornata — TTWG 2021 Amyda ornata phayrei (THEOBALD 1868) Trionyx phayrei THEOBALD 1870 Trionyx phayrii — BOULENGER 1889 Trionyx phayrei — DE ROOIJ 1915: 328 Amyda ornata phayrei — FRITZ et al. 2014 Amyda ornata phayrei — TTWG 2017: 164 Amyda cartilaginea phayrei — TTWG 2017: 164 Amyda ornata phayrei — TTWG 2021 |
| Distribution | Bangladesh, W Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, N India ornata: W Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos; Type locality: Cambodia) jongli: SE Bangladesh, India (Mizoram, Tripura, Assam, Manipur); Type locality: Sangu River near Dohazari, Chittagong hill tracts, south-eastern Bangladesh. phayrei: Myanmar, Thailand; Type locality: Arakan Hills, near Pathein (Bassein), Myanmar. |
| Reproduction | oviparous. |
| Types | Types: BMNH 1946.1.22.6-7 listed as type of Trionyx ornata Holotype. NHMW 40278 (Natural History Museum Vienna, herpetological collection): subadult specimen; skull and lower jaw; incomplete postcranial skeleton: parts of discus, shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle and extremities (Figs 2–5). Paratypes. 5 living voucher specimens, one male and four females in the facility of “Turtle Island”, NHMW 41463: 1–5 (Fig. 6a–j). Location of origin for all five paratypes: Sangu River near Dohazari (terra typica), Chittagong hill tracts, south-eastern Bangladesh (same location as holotype-specimen). The specimens will be transferred post mortem to the herpetological collection of the Natural History Museum Vienna. |
| Diagnosis | |
| Comment | Synonymy: There has been some confusion between Trionyx and Testudo phayrei in the older literature (see also that entry and references therein). Fritz et al. 2014 revalidated Amyda ornata ornata and A. o. phayrei. However, they did not provide much detail about revised diagnoses but do provide a map of the two A. ornata subspecies. TTWG 2017 is undecided about the status of ornata and lists it borth as valid species and subspecies of cartilaginea. Habitat: freshwater (rivers and tributaries, lakes)d Distribution: see maps in TTWG 2017: 162, 163, Fritz et al. 2014: 235 (Fig. 2). |
| Etymology | Named after the ornate pattern, visible on some specimens. T. phayrei was named after Lieut.-Col. Sir A. P. Phayre, Chief Commissioner of British Birma. A. o. jongli was named after local fishermen in Bangladesh who call this softshell turtle “jongli” in Bengali, deriving from “jangala” in Sanskrit. It means wild and ferocious, as the animals are powerful and struggle when captured. Simultaneously it means also “...coming from rivers of jungle woodlands”. |
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