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Atractus lehmanni BOETTGER, 1898

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Lehmann's Ground Snake 
SynonymAtractus lehmanni BOETTGER 1898: 80
Atractus lehmanni — PETERS 1960
Atractus lehmanni — PETERS et al. 1970: 30
Atractus lehmanni — CISNEROS-HEREDIA 2005
Atractus lehmanni — WALLACH et al. 2014: 74 
DistributionColombia (Quindío, Caldas, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca, Cordilleras Central and Occidental)

Type locality: apparently in error, see comment  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: SMF 19355, paralectotypes: MCZ; other specimens: MHN-UCa, MLS, MHNUC-HE, ICN, UV-C, UF, MHUA (fide Himes et al. 2022). 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS: A distinct member of the trilineatus Group most obviously allied to A. resplendens and A. dunni, but differing from them in scutellation, dentition, and coloration. Distinct from other Ecuadorian Atractus in: (1) 17 scale rows; (2) long loreal; (3) maxillary teeth eight; (4) ventrals in males, 141-1114 (143), in lemales, 148-153 (150); and (5) uniform dark brown dorsally [from SAVAGE 1960]. 
CommentDistribution: Reports of A. lehmanni from Ecuador (Boettger 1898, Savage 1960) are likely misidentifications since A. lehmanni has not been registered in Ecuador outside the type locality. In fact, all specimens from Ecuador that Arteaga et al. (2017) initially identified as A. lehmanni and that Torres- Carvajal et al. (2019) subsequently examined are apparently misidentified, hence the species does not even occur in Ecuador.

Type locality: Hoya de Cuenca, Prov. Azuay, Ecuador (in error, according to Himes et al. 2022).

Similar species: A. roulei (for examples of misidentifications see Passos et al. 2022). 
EtymologyNamed after Friedrich Carl Lehmann (1850-1903), a botanist who was German Consul in Colombia. 
References
  • Arteaga A, Mebert K, Valencia JH, Cisneros-Heredia DF, Peñafiel N, Reyes-Puig C, Vieira-Fernandes JL, Guayasamin JM 2017. Molecular phylogeny of Atractus (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with emphasis on Ecuadorian species and the description of three new taxa. ZooKeys 661: 91-123. - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1898. Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt/M. 2.Teil (Schlangen). [type catalogue] Frankfurt/M (Gebr. Knauer), i-ix + 1-160. - get paper here
  • Cisneros-Heredia D.F. 2005. Rediscovery of the Ecuadorian snake Atractus dunni Savage, 1955 (Serpentes: Colubridae. Journal of the National Museum (Prague), Natural History Series 174 (1-4): 87-94
  • Himes JG, Arteaga A, Vera Pérez LE, Enge KM 2022. The geographic distribution of Atractus lehmanni (Boettger, 1898) (Serpentes, Colubridae, Dipsadinae) in Colombia, and clarification of its status and type locality in Ecuador. Check List 18(4): 815-820 - get paper here
  • PASSOS P, MELO-SAMPAIO PR, RAMOS LO, GRAZZIOTIN FG, FOUQUET A & TORRES-CARVAJAL O. 2022. When the tail shakes the snake: phylogenetic affinities and morphology of Atractus badius (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), reveals some current pitfalls on the snake’s genomic age. An Acad Bras Cienc 94: e20191254 - get paper here
  • Passos, P. 2008. Revisão taxonômica do gênero Atractus Wagler, 1828 (Serpentes: Colubridae: Dipsadinae). PhD Thesis, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 671 pp.
  • Passos, Paulo, Juan C. Arredondo, Ronaldo Fernandes and John D. Lynch 2009. Three new Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) from the Andes of Colombia. Copeia 2009 (3): 425-436 - get paper here
  • Peters, James A.; Donoso-Barros, Roberto & Orejas-Miranda, Braulio 1970. Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part I Snakes. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 297: 347 pp. - get paper here
  • Savage,J.M. 1960. A revision of the Ecuadorian snakes of the colubrid genus Atractus. Misc. Publ. Zool. Univ. Michigan 112: 1-86 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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