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Bitis gabonica (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854)

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Viperinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Gaboon Adder, Gaboon Viper
G: Gabunviper 
SynonymCerastes nasicornis HALLOWELL 1847 (non SHAW)
Echidna gabonica DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 1428
Bitis gabonica — SCHMIDT 1923: 142
Bitis gabonica gabonica MERTENS 1951
Bitis arietans gabonica — BROADLEY 1959
Bitis gabonica gabonica — BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991: 23
Urobelus gabonicus — BOULENGER 1887: 127
Urobelus gabonicus — BOULENGER 1887: 564
Bitis (Macrocerastes) gabonica — LENK et al. 1999
Bitis gabonica — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 363
Bitis gabonica — RÖDEL & MAHSBERG 2000
Bitis gabonica — DOBIEY & VOGEL 2007
Bitis (Macrocerastes) gabonica — WITTENBERG et al. 2014
Bitis gabonica — WALLACH et al. 2014: 92
Bitis gabonica — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 577
Bitis (Macrocerastes) gabonica — BARLOW et al. 2019
Bitis gabonica — PIETERSEN et al. 2021 
DistributionBenin, Nigeria, Chad, Republic of South Sudan (RSS), Central African Republic, Cameroon, Uganda, Equatorial Guinea, Congo (Brazzaville), Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Angola, Zambia, SW Kenya (Western), W Rwanda (Ruhengeri), Gabon, E Tanzania (Lindi, Mtwara, Piwani, Tanga), E Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Republic of South Africa (Zululand), Malawi, Togo

Type locality: Gabon  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 4012 
Diagnosis 
CommentVenomous!

Subspecies: Bitis gabonica rhinoceros has been elevated to valid species, Bitis (Macrocerastes) rhinoceros. Following Chippaux, B. gabonica has two dark triangles below eye and B. rhinoceros only one behind eye.

Distribution: Not in Benin fide ULLENBRUCH et al. 2010. not in Sierra Leone fide TRAPE & BALDÉ 2014: 320. For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022.

Hybridization: Bitis arietans and Bitis gabonica hybridize in nature (Broadley & Blaylock 2013: 103) 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
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