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Brachymeles orientalis BROWN & RABOR, 1967

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Scincinae, Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Southern Burrowing Skink 
SynonymBrachymeles schadenbergi orientalis BROWN & RABOR 1967
Brachymeles schadenbergi orientalis — SILER et al. 2009
Brachymeles orientalis — SILER et al. 2010
Brachymeles orientalis — SILER et al. 2011 
DistributionPhilippines (Bohol, Mindanao, Samar, Leyte, Dinagat, Camiguin Sur islands)

Type locality: Bario Dusita, 11 km southeast of Sierra Bullones, Bohol Province, Bohol Island, Philippines, 533 m elevation, 9° 46’ 57.5’’ N, 124° 18’ 10.8’’ E.  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: CAS-SUR 24436 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Brachymeles orientalis can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) body large (SVL 97.6–112.3 mm); (2) pentadactyl; (3) Finger-III lamellae six or seven; (4) Toe-IV lamellae 8–10; (5) limbs relatively long; (6) supralabials six or seven; (7) infralabials six or seven; (8) pineal eye spot present; (9) supranasal contact absent; (10) prefrontals not contacting on midline; (11) enlarged chin shields in two pairs; (12) nuchal scales undifferentiated; (13) fourth and fifth supra- labial below eye; (14) auricular opening present; (15) dorsolateral stripes absent; and (16) middorsal stripes absent (Tables 4 and 5 in SILER & BROWN 2010). 
CommentPentadactyl species.


Habitat: semifossorial and typically found in dry, rotting material inside or underneath decaying logs or in loose soil, forest floor detritus, and leaf litter of lowland forest. 
References
  • Brown WC & RABOR DS 1967. Review of the genus Brachymeles (Sauria), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 34: 525-548 - get paper here
  • Brown, Walter C. 1956. A revision of the genus Brachymeles (Scincidae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Breviora (54): 1-19 - get paper here
  • Brown, WC. & A.C. ALCALA 1980. Philippine Lizards of the family Scincidae. Silliman Univ. Nat. Sci., Dumaguete City, Mon., Ser. 2: i-xi + 1-246.
  • Fischer, J. G. 1885. Ichthyologische und herpetologische Bemerkungen. V. Herpetologische Bemerkungen. Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst. 2: 82-121 - get paper here
  • Rosales, A., Suhian, J. P., Gamalinda, E., Paz, S., & Solania-Naling, C. 2023. Herpetofauna of forest fragments within the Agata Mining Ventures Incorporated (AMVI), Agusan del Norte, Caraga Region, Philippines. Journal of Ecosystem Science and Eco-Governance, 5(2), 54-65 - get paper here
  • Sanguila MB, Cobb KA, Siler CD, Diesmos AC, Alcala AC, Brown RM 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. ZooKeys 624: 1–132, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.624.9814 - get paper here
  • Siler, Cameron D. and Rafe M. Brown 2010. Phylogeny-based Species Delimitation in Philippine Slender Skinks (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae: Brachymeles): Taxonomic Revision of Pentadactyl Species Groups and Description of Three New Species. Herpetological Monographs 24 (1): 1-54 - get paper here
  • Siler, Cameron D.; Arvin C. Diesmos, Rafe M. Brown 2010. New Loam-Swimming Skink, Genus Brachymeles (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) from Luzon and Catanduanes Islands, Philippines. Journal of Herpetology 44 (1): 49–60 - get paper here
  • Siler, Cameron D.; Arvin C. Diesmos, Angel C. Alcala and Rafe M. Brown 2011. Phylogeny of Philippine slender skinks (Scincidae: Brachymeles) reveals underestimated species diversity, complex biogeographical relationships, and cryptic patterns of lineage diversification. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59 (1): 53-65 - get paper here
  • Siler, Cameron D.; Edmond L. Rico, Mariano R. Duya, and Rafe M. Brown 2009. A NEW LIMB-REDUCED, LOAM-SWIMMING SKINK (SQUAMATA: SCINCIDAE: BRACHYMELES) FROM CENTRAL LUZON ISLAND, PHILIPPINES. Herpetologica 65 (4): 449 - get paper here
  • Solania, C. L., Cuadrado, J. T., Galolo, A. R. V., & Gamalinda, E. F. 2021. Species Richness and Community Structure of Amphibians and Reptiles in Andanan Watershed Forest Reserve, Caraga Region, Philippines. Biodiversity Journal 12 (3): 673–694 - get paper here
  • VENTURINA, Russell Evan L.;Ynigo Luis C. DEL PRADO,Rhim Ayyah C. KAMIR, Marlon N. BALMORES and Arvin C. DIESMOS 2020. A Revised Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles in Camiguin Sur, Misamis Oriental, Mindaanao, Philippines. Asian Herpetological Research 11 (1): 28-43 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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