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Bungarus multicinctus BLYTH, 1861

IUCN Red List - Bungarus multicinctus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Many-banded Krait
G: Vielgebänderter Krait
Chinese: 银环蛇 
SynonymBungarus multicinctus BLYTH 1861: 98
Bungarus semifasciatus GÜNTHER 1858: 221 (not of BOIE)
Bungarus semifasciatus — GÜNTHER 1864: 344
Bungarus caeruleus — STOLICZKA 1870 (fide SMITH 1943)
Bungarus semifasciatus — GÜNTHER 1888: 171
Bungarus candidus var. multicinctus — BOULENGER 1896: 369
Bungarus multicinctus — STEJNEGER 1907: 397
Bungarus caeruleus multicinctus — BARBOUR 1912: 131
Bungarus multicinctus multicinctus — MELL 1929
Bungarus candidus multicinctus — BOURRET 1936
Bungarus multicinctus — SMITH 1943: 416
Bungarus multicinctus multicinctus — WELCH 1994: 39
Bungarus cf. multicinctus — CHAN-ARD et al. 1999: 209
Bungarus multicinctus — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Bungarus multicinctus multicinctus — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Bungarus multicinctus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 130
Bungarus multicinctus — WANG et al. 2022 
DistributionTaiwan, S China (incl. Hong Kong, Hainan),
Myanmar (= Burma), Laos, N Vietnam (Hoa Binh), and Thailand.

Type locality: Amoy  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost (fide NGUYEN et al. 2009, Smith 1943 and Toriba 1993b) 
Diagnosis 
CommentVenomous!

The “multicinctus-wanghaotingi” species group requires study; it is likely polytypic and several closely related though distinct species likely are hidden presently under the names multicinctus and wanghaotingi (LEVITON et al. 2003).

The boundaries demarcating B. candidus, B. multicinctus, and B. wanghaotingi, in Southern China and Northern Myanmar are particularly obscure, with multicinctus and wanghaotingi being difficult to distinguish morphologically (Yuan et al. 2022).

Distribution: possibly in Yunnan (China) but records from there are questionable (Wang et al. 2022). 
References
  • Barbour, Thomas 1912. Some Chinese Vertebrates: Amphibia and Reptilia. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy 40 (4): 125-136 - get paper here
  • Blyth,E. 1861. Proceedings of the Society. Report of the Curator. J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal xxix [1860]: 87-115 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here
  • Chan-ard,T.; Grossmann,W.; Gumprecht,A. & Schulz,K. D. 1999. Amphibians and reptiles of peninsular Malaysia and Thailand - an illustrated checklist [bilingual English and German]. Bushmaster Publications, Würselen, Gemany, 240 pp. [book review in Russ. J Herp. 7: 87] - get paper here
  • Chen, Z. N., Shi, S. C., Vogel, G., Ding, L., & Shi, J. S. 2021. Multiple lines of evidence reveal a new species of Krait (Squamata, Elapidae, Bungarus) from Southwestern China and Northern Myanmar. ZooKeys, 1025: 35 - get paper here
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  • Günther, A. 1888. On a collection of reptiles from China. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 1: 165-172 - get paper here
  • Jiang Y, Li Y, Lee W, Xu X, Zhang Y, Zhao R, Zhang Y, Wang W 2011. Venom gland transcriptomes of two Elapid snakes (Bungarus multicinctus and Naja atra) and evolution of toxin genes. BMC Genomics 2011, 12:1 - get paper here
  • Kuch, U. & Schneyer, W. 1992. Erfahrungen bei der Terrarienhaltung von vier Arten nahrungsspezialisierter Giftnattern der Gattung Bungarus DAUDIN 1803 Teil II Bungarus multicinctus BLYTH 1861. Sauria 14 (1): 25-32 - get paper here
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  • Liu, B., Cui, L., Deng, Z., Ma, Y., Yang, D., Gong, Y., ... & Huang, S. 2023. The genome assembly and annotation of the many-banded krait, Bungarus multicinctus. Gigabyte, 2023, 1-10
  • Liu, B.; Cui, L.; Deng, Z.; Ma, Y.; Yang, D.; Gong, Y.; Xu, Y.; Lan, T.; Yang, S.; Huang, S. 2023. The Genome Assembly and Annotation of the Bungarus multicinctus. Preprints.org, 2023060658 - get paper here
  • Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. and Nguyen, T.Q. 2009. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp.
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  • YUAN, FÉLIX LANDRY; CHUNG TAI YEUNG, TRACEY-LEIGH PRIGGE, PAULINE C. DUFOUR, YIK-HEI SUNG, CAROLINE DINGLE & TIMOTHY C. BONEBRAKE. 2022. Conservation and cultural intersections within Hong Kong’s snake soup industry. Oryx 2022: 1–8. - get paper here
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