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Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus (BAVAY, 1869)

IUCN Red List - Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaScincidae, Eugongylinae (Eugongylini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLygosoma austro-caledonica BAVAY 1869: 21
Lygosoma austro-caledonicum dorsovittatum ROUX 1913: 118
Lygosoma (Leiolopisma) austrocaledonicum — SMITH 1937: 225
Leiolopisma austrocaledonicum — GREER 1974: 16
Leiolopisma austrocaledonicum — ZUG 1985
Leiolopisma austrocaledonicum — ZUG 1985
Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus — SADLIER 1987: 36
Gongylus austrocaledonica — FRANK & RAMUS 1995: 187
Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus — ADLER, AUSTIN & DUDLEY 1995
Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus — BAUER & SADLIER 2000: 146
Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus — DUVAL et al. 2019 
DistributionNew Caledonia (widespread on New Caledonia and the island of the region including the Ile des Pins, Ouvéa, Lifou, and Maré in the Loyalty Island group, Ile Surprise, D’Entrecasteaux Reefs).

Type locality: “partout en Calédonie e dans les iles Loyalty”. Neotype locality: Mt. Aoupinié.  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesNeotype: AMS R77757, collected R. Sadlier & P. Rankin, 14.xii.1978, designated by Sadlier 1987: 37
Lectotype: NMBA = NHMB, designated by Kramer 1979 [dorsovittatum] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus). Caledoniscincus is a member of the Eugongylus group of Greer (1979), it can be distinguished from all other genera in that group by the following combination of characters: frontoparietals fused; prefrontals moderate in size, usually well separated; supranasal or postnasal suture generally absent; lower eyelid with an obvious, centrally located semi-transparent disc; ear lobules moderately small; altantal arch fused to intercentrum; hemipenes deeply bifurcate; colour pattern features adult females retaining juvenile colouration but adult males changing tone and delineation of dorsal and lateral colouration. (Sadlier 1987) 
CommentSynonymy: Leiolopisma dorsovittatum bodoi BÖRNER 1980 is now considered as a valid species by most authors.

Type species: Lygosoma austro-caledonica BAVAY 1869: 21 is the type species of the genus Caledoniscincus SADLIER 1987. 
EtymologyNamed aftere the general range of the species.

The genus was named after the occurrence of the genus on New Caledonia. 
References
  • Adler,G.H.; Austin,C.C. & Dudley,R. 1995. Dispersal and speciation of skinks among archipelagos in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Evolutionary Ecology 9: 529-541 - get paper here
  • Bauer, A. M. & SADLIER, R. A. 2000. The herpetofauna of New Caledonia. Contributions to Herpetology, 17; Society for Study Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York.
  • Bauer, A.M. & Sadlier,R.A. 1993. Systematics, biogeography and conservation of the lizards of New Caledonia. Biodiv. Lett. 1: 107-122 - get paper here
  • Bauer, Aaron M.; Renevier, Alain; Sadlier, Ross A. 1992. Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicum (Reptilia: Scincidae) from Ile Surprise, D'Entrecasteaux Reefs, New Caledonia. Pacific Science 46 (1): 86-89
  • Bauer, Aaron M.;Sadlier, Roass A. 1994. The terrestrial herpetofauna of the Ile des Pins, New Caledonia. Pacific Science 48 (4): 353-366
  • Bavay,A. 1869. Catalogue des Reptiles de las Nouvelle - Caledonie et description d'especes nouvelles. Memoires Societe Linniene de Normandie 15: 1-37
  • Burt, Charles E.; Burt, May Danheim 1932. Herpetological results of the Whitney South Sea Expedition. VI. Pacific island amphibians and reptiles in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (5): 461-597 - get paper here
  • DUVAL, Thomas; Stéphane ASTRONGATT & Mickaël SANCHEZ 2019. Inventaire herpétologique de la forêt de Povila (province Nord, Nouvelle-Calédonie), avec une comparaison des protocoles de détection. Bull. Soc. Herp. Fr. 171: 13-36
  • Greer, A.E. 1974. The generic relationships of the scincid lizard genus Leiolopisma and its relatives. Australian Journal of Zoology 31: 1-67. - get paper here
  • Ineich I 2009. Bocourt’s Terrific Skink, Phoboscincus bocourti Brocchi, 1876 (Squamata, Scincidae, Lygosominae), in GraNdCoLaS P. (ed.), Zoologia Neocaledonica 7. Biodiversity studies in New Caledonia. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 198: 149-174. Paris, ISBN: <br />978-2-85653-618-6.
  • Karin, B.R., Metallinou, M., Weinell, J.L., Jackman, T.R., Bauer, A.M. 2016. Resolving the higher-order phylogenetic relationships of the circumtropical Mabuya group (Squamata: Scincidae): An out-of-Asia diversification. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 102: 220–232 - get paper here
  • Roux,J. 1913. Les reptiles de de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et des îles Loyalty. In: Nova Caledonia, Recherches scientifiques en Nouvelle Calédonie et aux Iles Loyalty. Zoologie. (vol. 1, L. 2). Sarasin, F. & Roux,J. (eds.). C.W. Kreidel’s Verlag, Wiesbaden, pp. 79-160 - get paper here
  • Sadlier R A 1987. A review of the scincid lizards of New Caledonia. Rec. Austral. Mus. 39(1) 1987: 1-66 [1986] - get paper here
  • Sadlier R A. Bauer A M. 1997. The terrestrial herpetofauna of the Loyalty Islands. Pacific Science 51 (1): 76-90.
  • Sadlier, R.A., Bauer,A.M. & Colgan,D.J. 1999. The scincid lizard genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from New Caledonia in the Southwest Pacific: a review of Caledoniscincus austrocaledonicus (Bavay) and description of six new species from Province Nord. Rec. Austral. Mus. 51 (1): 57-82 - get paper here
  • SADLIER, ROSS A.; ANTHONY H. WHITAKER, PERRY L.WOOD, JR. & AARON M. BAUER 2014. A new species of lizard in the genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from far northwest New Caledonia. Zootaxa 3795 (1): 045–060 - get paper here
  • Sadlier, Ross A.; Matthias Deuss, Aaron M. Bauer, and Hervé Jourdan 2019. Kuniesaurus albiauris, a New Genus and Species of Scincid Lizard from the Île des Pins, New Caledonia, with Comments on the Diversity and Affinities of the Region’s Lizard Fauna. Pacific Science 73 (1):123–141,doi:10.2984/73.1.6 - get paper here
  • SADLIER, ROSS A.; TONY WHITAKER, PERRY L.WOOD, JR. & AARON M. BAUER 2012. A new species of scincid lizard in the genus Caledoniscincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) from northwest New Caledonia. Zootaxa 3229: 47–57 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1937. A review of the genus Lygosoma (Scincidae: Reptilia) and its allies. Records of the Indian Museum 39 (3): 213-234
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
  • Zug,G. R. 1985. A new skink (Reptilia: Sauria: Leiolopisma) from Fiji. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 98 (1): 221-231 - get paper here
 
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