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Chalcides sepsoides (AUDOUIN, 1829)

IUCN Red List - Chalcides sepsoides - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaScincidae, Scincinae, Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Wedge-snouted Skink 
SynonymScincus sepsoides AUDOUIN 1829: 132, 180
Sphenops capistratus WAGLER 1830: 161
Sphaenops sepsoïdes — REUSS 1834: 54
Sphenops capistratus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 578
Sphenops capistratus — BOETTGER 1879: 72
Sphenops capistratus — BOETTGER 1880
Chalcides sepoides [sic] — BOULENGER 1887: 407
Sphenops capitstratae — TORNIER 1899 (fide BAUER 2004)
Chalcides sepoides [sic] — LOVERIDGE 1936: 74
Sphenops sepsoides — PASTEUR & BONS 1960
Chalcides sepsoides — JOHANN 1981
Sphenops sepsoides — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 369
Sphenops sepoides — BAUER 2004
Chalcides sepsoides — CARRANZA et al. 2008
Sphenops sepsoides — IBRAHIM 2013
Sphenops sepsoides — BAHA EL DIN 2013
Chalcides sepsoides — MEIRI et al. 2019 
DistributionTunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sinai, S Israel, W Jordan

Type locality: Egypt  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA (fide I. Ineich, pers. comm., 3 Apr 2019) 
Diagnosis 
CommentSubspecies: Sphenops sepsoides boulengeri (ANDERSON 1896) has been treated as a valid species by SCHLEICH et al. 1996 and subsequent authors.

Distribution: see Bar et al. 2021 for a map. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin Seps, lizard genus due to Laurenti, 1768 + Greek -oides (-οειδής), suffix indicating likeness. ["...Cette espèce semble établir le passage entre les scinques et les seps pentadactyles…"]. 
References
  • Al-Quran, S. 2009. The Herpetofauna of the Southern Jordan. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 6 (4): 385-391 [this journal has a dubious record, see http://goo.gl/81SBPv]
  • Audouin, J. V. 1827. Explication sommaire des planches de reptiles (supplément) ... offrant un exposé des caractères naturels des genres, avec la distinction des espèces. . In: Savigny, M. J. C. L. de., Description d’Égypte, Vol. l. Historie Naturelle. Paris: Imprimerie impériale/Imprimerie royale - get paper here
  • Baha el Din, S. 2006. A guide to the reptiles and amphibians of Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo. xvi + 359 pp.
  • Baha El Din, Sherif M. and Omar Attum 2000. The herpetofauna of Zaranik Protected Area, Egypt, with notes on their ecology and conservation. Herpetological Bulletin (73): 17-21 - get paper here
  • Bar, A., Haimovitch, G. and Meiri, S. 2021. Field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Israel. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main. ISBN 9783-89973-120-0 - get paper here
  • Bar, Aviad and Guy Haimovitch 2012. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Israel. Pazbar LTD, 246 pp. - get paper here
  • Bauer, A.M. 2003. Die “Symbolae physicae” und die Herpetologie der Expedition von HEMPRICH und EHRENBERG nach Ägpypten und dem nahen Osten. Sekretär 3 (2): 4-17 - get paper here
  • Bauer, Aaron M.; Jonathan C. DeBoer , Dylan J. Taylor 2017. Atlas of the Reptiles of Libya. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 64 (8): 155-318 - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1879. Reptilien und Amphibien aus Syrien. Ber. Senck. Naturf. Ges. naturf. Ges. 1878-1879: 57-84 - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. [as O. Böttger] 1880. Die Reptilien und Amphibien von Syrien, Palaestina und Cypern. Ber. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., Frankfurt/M., 1879-1880: 132-219 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1891. Catalogue of the reptiles and batrachians of Barbary (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia), based chiefly upon the notes and collections made in 1880-1884 by M. Fernand Lataste. Tr. Zool. Soc. 13: 93-164
  • Carranza, S.; E.N. Arnold, Ph. Geniez, J. Roca and J.A. Mateo 2008. Radiation, multiple dispersal and parallelism in the skinks, Chalcides and Sphenops (Squamata: Scincidae), with comments on Scincus and Scincopus and the age of the Sahara Desert. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (3): 1071-1094 - get paper here
  • Disi, A.M.; Modry, D.; Nečas, P. & Rifai, L. 2001. Amphibians and reptiles of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 408 pp.
  • Disi, Ahmad; Zuhair S. Amr, Nashat Hamidan 2014. Diversity, Threats, and Conservation of the Terrestrial and Freshwater Herpetofauna of Jordan. Russ. J. Herpetol. 21 (3): 221-233 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1839. Erpétologie Générale on Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Vol. 5. Roret/Fain et Thunot, Paris, 871 pp. - get paper here
  • Gervais, Paul 1848. Sur les animaux vertébrés de l’Algerie. Ann. Sci. Nat. (3) X: 204, 205 - get paper here
  • Goldberg, S. R. & Bursey, C. R. 2012. Chalcides sepsoides (wedge-snouted skink) endoparasites. Herpetological Review 43: 332 - get paper here
  • Gravenhorst, J. L. C. 1851. Über die im Zoologischen Museum der Universität Breslau Befindlichen Wirtelschleichen (Pseudosaura), Krüppelfüssler (Brachypoda), und einige andere, Denselben verwandte Reptilien aus den Zünften der Schleichen und Dickzüngler [Euprepes striolatus]. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. 23 (1): 291-394 [1847] - get paper here
  • Ibrahim, Adel A. 2013. The Herpetology of the Suez Canal Zone, Egypt. Vertebrate Zoology 63 (1): 87–110 - get paper here
  • Jestrzemski, D. 2019. Reptilien in Israel - unterwegs in der Negev-Wüste. Elaphe 2019 (3): 40-49
  • Johann, H. 1981. Herpetologische Eindrücke auf einer Reise durch die Sahara. Herpetofauna 3 (13): 17-21 - get paper here
  • Loveridge, A. 1936. African reptiles and amphibians in the Field Museum of Natural History. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, 22 (1): 1-122 - get paper here
  • Marx,Hymen 1968. Checklist of the reptiles and amphibians of Egypt. Spec. Publ. U.S. Nav. Med. Res. Unit 3: 1-91
  • Meiri, Shai; Amos Belmaker, Daniel Berkowic, Kesem Kazes, Erez Maza, Guy Bar-Oz and Roi Dor 2019. A checklist of Israeli land vertebrates. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution - get paper here
  • Ollonen, J., Khannoon, E. R., Macrì, S., Vergilov, V., Kuurne, J., Saarikivi, J., ... & Di-Poï, N. 2024. Dynamic evolutionary interplay between ontogenetic skull patterning and whole-head integration. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1-16 - get paper here
  • Pasteur,G. & BONS,J. 1960. Catalogue des reptiles actuels du Maroc. Revisions des formes d’Afrique, d’Europe et d’Asie. Trav. Inst. sci. chérif., Rabat, (Zool.) 21: 1-134
  • Reuss,A. 1834. Zoologische Miscellen, Reptilien. Saurier. Batrachier. Museum Senckenbergianum, Frankfurt am Main 1 (6): 27-62 - get paper here
  • Schleich, H.H., Kästle,W., Kabisch, K. 1996. Amphibians and Reptiles of North Africa. Koeltz, Koenigstein, 627 pp.
  • Schmidt, K. P. & Marx, H. 1956. The herpetology of Sinai. Fieldiana 39 (4): 21-40 - get paper here
  • Shahin, A. B.; Schneider, H.; Zahran, W.; Gabri, M. and Soliman, M. 1995. Protein variation and taxonomy in some genera of the family Scincidae (Reptilia) in Egypt: Enzyme variability and relatedness to number of fingers in natural populations of Audouin’s sand skink; Chalcides sepsoides. El -Minia Sci. Bull. (El Minia) 8(1):171-194
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Spawls, Stephen; Tomáš Mazuch & Abubakr Mohammad 2023. Handbook of Amphibians and Reptiles of North-east Africa. Bloomsbury, 640 pp. - get paper here
  • Stokely, Paul Scott 1947. Limblessness and correlated changes in the girdles of a comparative morphological series of lizards. American Midland Naturalist 38 (3): 725-754 - get paper here
  • Tornier,G. 1899. Reptilia. In: Carlgren,O., Hilgendorf,F., Martens, E. von, Matschie, P., Tornier, G., & Weltner, W. (eds.). Symbolae physicae seu icones adhuc ineditae corporum naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum quae ex itineribus per Libyam, Aegyptum, Nubiam,k Dongalam, Syriam, Arabiam et Habessiniam publico institutis sumptu F.G. Hemprich et C.G. Ehrenberg. Zoologica 1, Amphibia. G. Reimer, Berlin. - get paper here
  • Trape, J.F.; Trape, S. & Chirio, L. 2012. Lézards, crocodiles et tortues d'Afrique occidentale et du Sahara. IRD Orstom, 503 pp. - get paper here
  • Wagler, Jean G. 1830. Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Säugetiere und Vögel. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. 1.0. Cotta, München, Stuttgart, and Tübingen, 354 pp. [1830-1832] - get paper here
  • Werner, Y. L. 1968. Distribution of the Saharan Sphenops sepsoides (Reptilia: Scincidae) in Israel and Jordan. Herpetologica 24: 238-242. - get paper here
 
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