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Coelognathus erythrurus (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesCoelognathus erythrurus celebensis (JAN 1863)
Coelognathus erythrurus erythrurus (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854)
Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis JAN 1863
Coelognathus erythrurus psephenourus LEVITON 1979 
Common NamesE: Reddish Rat Snake
G: Philippinen-Kletternatter 
SynonymPlagiodon erythrurus DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 175
Herpetodryas erythrurus MÜLLER (fide DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854)
Coluber erythrurus — BOULENGER 1894: 62
Coluber walli WERNER 1924: 34 (fide GEMEL et al. 2019)
Elaphe erythrura — SMITH 1931
Elaphe erythrura — SCHULZ 1996: 117
Elaphe erythrura — GAULKE 1999
Coelognathus erythrurus — HELFENBERGER 2001
Coelognathus erythrurus — UTIGER et al. 2002
Coelognathus erythrurus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 171

Coelognathus erythrurus celebensis (JAN 1863)
Compsosoma melanurus var. B DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854 (nom. nud. fide SAVAGE & MCDIARMID 2018: 53)
Elaphis melanurus var. celebensis JAN 1863
Elaphis melanurus var. celebensis — JAN & SORDELLI 1867
Elaphe erythrura celebensis — DE LANG & VOGEL 2005
Elaphe erythrura celebensis — WANGER et al. 2011
Coelognathus erythrurus celebensis — KOCH 2012
Coelognathus erythrurus celebensis — SAVAGE & MCDIARMID 2017: 53

Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis (JAN 1867)
Elaphis melanurus var. manillensis JAN 1863 (see comment)
Compsosoma melanurus var. C DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854 (see comment)
[Elaphis melanurus] var. manillensis JAN & SORDELLI 1867: Livr. 21:2
Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis — MCLEOD et al. 2011
Coelognathus erythrura manillensis — DEVAN-SONG & BROWN 2012
Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis — BROWN et al. 2012
Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis — BROWN et al. 2013

Coelognathus erythrurus psephenourus LEVITON 1979
Elaphe erythrura psephenoura LEVITON 1979
Coelognathus erythrurus psephenourus — GAULKE 2011: 264
Coelognathus erythrurus psephenoura — SUPSUP et al. 2016
Coelognathus erythrurus psephenourus — PILI & CAGUIMBAL 2018
Coelognathus erythrurus psephenourus — GAULKE 2019: 53 
DistributionIndonesia (Sulawesi, Buton, Borneo),
Philippines (Balabac, Bongao, Busvanga, Cebu, Culion, Jolo, Leyte, Luzon , Mindanao, Mindora, Negros, Palawan, Calamian Islands, Panay, Polillo, Samar, Camiguin Sur)

celebensis: Indonesia (Sulawesi)

manillensis: Luzon

psephenoura: Philippine Islands (Panay, Cebu, Sibuyan); Type locality: “Barrio Asia, Negros Occidental Province, Negros Island, Philippines”.

Type locality: original type locality (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854) in error, see comment; corrected to Philippines: Samar (Leviton, 1977)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: MNHN-RA 7224 (J.R.C. Quoy and J.P. Gaimard), designated by Leviton, 1977b: 103
Holotype: CAS 110957, adult male, collected by Angel C. Alcata, May 30 - June 3,1967 [psephenourus]
Holotype: NMW = NHMW [celebensis]
Syntypes: MNHN-RA 7268, ZMH (probably lost), not in MHNN [manillensis] 
Diagnosis 
CommentThe occurrence of E. erythrura on Borneo is doubtful since it can be mixed up with E. flavolineata (SCHULZ 1996). Not on Borneo fide Stuebing et al. 2014.

Synonymy: Jan described manillensis in 1863 although the figure (plate) was only published in 1867. Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis is a new name for Compsosoma melanurum var. C of C. Duméril et al. 1854:301. Jan gives credit for the name to the latter authors but they did not propose one. Schulz (1996:119) incorrectly cites Jan, 1863 as the source of this name (SAVAGE & MCDIARMID 2018: 53).
In the 1863 TEXT Jan does not mention specimens from MNHN but only Amburgo (= Hamburg) and Neuchatel (Switzerland). Thus the specimen(s) examined by Duméril, Bibron and Duméril are not type(s) since not indicated in the 1863 publication. But note that this 1863 publication does not describe the species and is not valid - nomen nudum since name without description. The scalation characters indicated in the 1863 text refers to the whole species Compsosoma melanurum and not to the new subspecies manillensis. Thus 1867 should be the valid date since the 1867 plate allows recognition of the subspecies compared to others and can be considered as representing the holotype. What remains unclear is if the specimen on the 1867 plate is the one from Manilla in MNHN, the one from Manilla in Hambourg or the one from another locality in Neuchatel (pers. comm., J. Hallermann & I. Ineich, 4 April 2019).

Distribution: not on Java (Indonesia) fide de Lang 2017. Original type locality (Indonesia: Java) (based on DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854) in error. 
EtymologyNamed after Greek erythros = red, reddish, after the reddish-brownish color in this species. 
References
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