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Coniophanes michoacanensis FLORES-VILLELA & SMITH, 2009

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymConiophanes michoacanensis FLORES-VILLELA & SMITH 2009
Coniophanes piceivittis — VARGAS-SANTAMARÍA & FLORES-VILLELA 2006
Coniophanes michoacanensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 178
Coniophanes michoacanensis — HEIMES 2016: 217
Coniophanes michoacanensis — PALACIOS-RESENDIZ et al. 2023 
DistributionMexico (Michoacán, Guerrero)

Type locality: El Farito, 8 km NW Caleta de Campos, 17 m elevation, Municipio de Aquila, Michoacán, Mexico (18.1014° N, 102.8173° W  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: MZFC 10398 (original field number OFV 424), an adult female obtained by O. Flores-Villela on 26 February 1992. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Coniophanes michoacanensis differs from other members of the genus, except C. piceivittis and C. schmidti, in possessing a higher number of dorsal scale rows at midbody (25; vs. 21 dorsal scale rows or less in the other species), and in having 9/9 infralabials (10/10 in C. piceivittis, C. schmidti, and C. taylori, with rare exceptions, Table 1 in FLORES-VILLELA & SMITH 2009). It differs from C. piceivittis and C. schmidti in having a narrow dark vertebral stripe (only three and two half scales wide; dark vertebral stripe five and two half scales wide in C. piceivittis, from five and two half scales to seven and two half scales in C. schmidti, and five and two half scales in C. taylori). Coniophanes michoacanensis further differs from C. piceivittis and C. taylori in having a narrow dark lateral stripe occupying only one and two half scales (dark lateral stripe occupying four and two half scales in C. piceivittis, and two and one half scales to three in C. taylori). Coniophanes michoacanensis differs additionally from C. schmidti in that the lower edge of the lateral stripes contrast sharply with the ground color, C. piceivittis and C. taylori are similar to C. michoacanensis in this character. (FLORES-VILLELA & SMITH 2009) 
CommentDistribution: see map in Palacios-Aguilar & Flores-Villela 2020: 119 (Fig. 6). 
EtymologyNamed after Michoacán, the Mexican state from which the species is described. 
References
  • Calzada-Arciniega, Rafael Alejandro and Ricardo Palacios-Aguilar. 2015. Coniophanes michoacanensis Flores-Villela and Smith, 2009. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 126–127 - get paper here
  • Flores-Villela, Oscar and Eric N. Smith 2009. A NEW SPECIES OF CONIOPHANES (SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE), FROM THE COAST OF MICHOACÁN, MEXICO. Herpetologica 65 (4): 404-412 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Mertz, W. H., Shedd, J. D., Reyes-Velasco, J. & Grünwald, C. I. 2012. Geographic distribution: Coniophanes michoacanensis (Michoacán black-striped snake). Herpetological Review 43: 447-448 - get paper here
  • Palacios-Aguilar, Ricardo & OSCAR FLORES-VILLELA 2018. An updated checklist of the herpetofauna from Guerrero, Mexico. Zootaxa 4422 (1): 1-24 - get paper here
  • Palacios-Aguilar, Ricardo; Oscar Flores-Villela 2020. Taxonomic revision and comments on two groups of the genus Coniophanes (Squamata: Dipsadidae). Vertebrate Zoology 70 (2): 111–124 - get paper here
  • Palacios-Resendiz, F. S., Palacios-Aguilar, R., & Palacios-Hernández, F. 2023. Notes on defensive display, diet, and geographic distribution of the snake Coniophanes michoacanensis. Spixiana 46 (1): 7-8 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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