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Crotalus lutosus KLAUBER, 1930

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Great Basin Rattlesnake
G: Great-Basin-Klapperschlange
E: abyssus: Grand Canyon Rattlesnake 
SynonymCrotalus confluentus lutosus KLAUBER 1930
Crotalus oreganus abyssus KLAUBER 1930
Crotalus viridis abyssus KLAUBER 1930
Crotalus confluentus abyssus KLAUBER 1930
Crotalus viridis abyssus — KLAUBER 1936
Crotalus viridis lutosus — KLAUBER 1936
Crotalus viridis lutosus — HIRTH 1966
Crotalus viridis lutosus — STEBBINS 1985: 232
Crotalus viridis abyssus — STEBBINS 1985: 231
Crotalus viridis abyssus — CROTHER 2000: 60
Crotalus viridis lutosus — CROTHER 2000: 60
Crotalus oreganus abyssus — ASHTON et al. 2001
Crotalus oreganus lutosus — ASHTON et al. 2001
Crotalus lutosus — DOUGLAS et al. 2002
Crotalus abyssus — DOUGLAS et al. 2002
Crotalus oreganus lutosus — CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004
Crotalus oreganus abyssus — CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004
Crotalus oreganus abyssus — OLIVIER 2008
Crotalus oreganus lutosus — BEAMAN & HAYES 2008
Crotalus lutosus — HOSER 2009
Crotalus abyssus — HOSER 2009
Crotalus oreganus abyssus— BOUNDY et al. 2012
Crotalus oreganus lutosus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Crotalus lutosus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 192
Crotalus abyssus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 188
Crotalus lutosus — DAVIS et al. 2016
Crotalus oreganus lutosus — WESTEEN et al. 2023 
DistributionUSA (Great Basin between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada)

Type locality: “10 miles northwest of Abraham on the road to Joy, Millard County, Utah. Altitude approximately 4650 ft.” [= USA, elevation 1415 m].

abyssus: USA (Arizona); Type locality: "Tanner Trail 300 ft. below the south rim of the Grand Canyon, Coconino County, Arizona  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: SDNHM = SDSNH 1814 (formerly LMK 1814), paratypes SDNHM = SDSNH 1800-1813, 1815, 1816.
Holotype SDNHM = SDSNH 2216 [abyssus] 
Diagnosis 
CommentVenomous!

Distribution: see map in Davis et al. 2016 (Fig. 2).

Subspecies: Davis et al. (2016: 13) noted that “caliginis is recognized as a diminutive insular form of helleri, while abyssus is a stunted lutosus, and nuntius a dwarfed viridis”. While they treat helleri, concolor, and lutosus as valid (evolutionary) species, they also state that “calignis is not sufficiently divergent at the molecular level and should instead be designated as an insular population of C. helleri” and fail to differentiate abyssus, and thus “recommend it should instead be subsumed within C. lutosus”. 
References
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