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Daboia mauritanica (GRAY, 1849)

IUCN Red List - Daboia mauritanica - Near Threatened, NT
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Viperinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Moorish Viper
G: Atlasotter
G: Saharaotter [deserti] 
SynonymClotho ? mauritanica GRAY 1849: 27 (fide WALLACH et al. 2014)
Echidna mauritanica DUMÉRIL & BIBRON in GUICHENOT 1850
Echidna mauritanica GUICHENOT 1850: 24
Echidna mauritanica — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 1431
Echidna mauritanica — GÜNTHER 1859: 226
Vipera confluenta COPE 1864: 181
Vipera lebetina var. deserti ANDERSON 1892: 20
Vipera lebetina deserti — SCHWARZ 1936
Vipera lebetina mauritanica — SCHWARZ 1936
Vipera mauritanica deserti — KRAMER & SCHNURRENBERGER 1959
Vipera lebetina desertorum in MARINKELLE 1959:35
Vipera lebetina desertori — MARINKELLE 1962:15
Vipera mauritanica deserti — KRAMER & SCHNURRENBERGER 1963
Vipera mauritanica deserti — SOCHUREK 1979
Vipera mauritanica mauritanica — SOCHUREK 1979
Vipera lebetina mauritanica — HARDING & WELCH 1980
Vipera lebetina deserti — HARDING & WELCH 1980
Daboia lebetina deserti — OBST 1983
Daboia lebetina mauritanica — OBST 1983
Macrovipera mauretanica — HERRMANN, JOGER & NILSON 1992
Macrovipera deserti — HERRMANN, JOGER & NILSON 1992
Vipera mauritanica deserti — WELCH 1994: 123
Vipera mauritanica mauritanica — WELCH 1994: 123
Macrovipera mauritanica — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 385
Macrovipera deserti — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 383
Macrovipera mauritanica — DAVID & INEICH 1999: 323
Daboia deserti — LENK et al. 2001
Daboia mauritanica — LENK et al. 2001
Daboia mauritanica — WÜSTER et al. 2008
Macrovipera mauritanica — GRUBER 2009
Daboia deserti — PHELPS 2010
Macrovipera (Laidlawus) deserti — HOSER 2012 (preliminary)
Daboia deserti — WALLACH et al. 2014: 207
Daboia mauritanica — WALLACH et al. 2014: 207
Daboia deserti — BAUER et al. 2017 
DistributionMorocco, Western Sahara, N Algeria, Tunisia

Type locality: Restricted to “Oran” (Algeria) fide SCHWARZ (1936).

deserti: S Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya; Type locality: "Duirat, South Tunisia."  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 4017
Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.18.28 [deserti] 
Diagnosis 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: The authors of this species are sometimes given as Duméril & Bibron 1848 but there seems to be a consensus now that Gray 1849 has to be the original author given that Guichenot was published only in 1850 (e.g. David & Ineich 1999). Martínez-Freiría et al. 2017 synonymized D. deserti (and thereby, all north African Daboia) with D. mauritania.

Subspecies: Vipera mauritanica deserti has been elevated to species status but then synonymized with mauritanica again.

Phylogenetics: Macrovipera mauritanica and M. lebetina are paraphyletic based on mtDNA sequences. M. mauritanica may be renamed to Daboia mauritanica (GARRIGUES et al. 2005).

NCBI taxonID: 110203 [deserti]

Distribution: For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013. 
References
  • Anderson, J.A. 1892. On a small collection of Mammals, Reptiles, and Batrachians from Barbary. Proc. zool. Soc. London 1892: 3-24 - get paper here
  • Bauer, Aaron M.; Jonathan C. DeBoer , Dylan J. Taylor 2017. Atlas of the Reptiles of Libya. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 64 (8): 155-318 - get paper here
  • Bezaz, Y. I., Hadjab, R., Khammar, H., Redjaimia, L., & Saheb, M. 2021. First data on the diversity of the herpetofauna of the Oum El Bouaghi Region (Northeast of Algeria). Ecol. Env. & Cons. 27 (3): 983-989
  • Cope, E.D. 1864. On a species of Vipera hitherto unknown. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 13: 181-182 - get paper here
  • Dobiey, M. & Vogel, G. 2007. Venomous Snakes of Africa - Giftschlangen Afrikas. Edition Chimaira, Terralog 15, 150 pp. - get paper here
  • Elbahi A, Lawton C, Oubrou W, El Bekkay M, Hermas J, Dugon M 2022. Reptile biodiversity in Souss-Massa National Park: an internationally important hotspot in the Mediterranean region. Biodiversity Data Journal 10: e79088 - get paper here
  • GARCÍA-CARDENETE, Luis; M. Victoria FLORES-STOLS & Saúl YUBERO 2017. New cases of syntopy between viperid snakes (Viperidae) in the Atlantic Sahara. Go-South Bull. (2017), 14, 139-141 - get paper here
  • Garrigues, Thomas; Catherine Dauga; Elisabeth Ferquel; Valérie Choumet and Anna-Bella Failloux 2005. Molecular phylogeny of Vipera Laurenti, 1768 and the related genera Macrovipera (Reuss, 1927) and Daboia (Gray, 1842), with comments about neurotoxic Vipera aspis aspis populations. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution <br />Volume 35 (1): 35-47 - get paper here
  • Geniez, P.; Mateo, J.A.; Geniez, M. & Pether, J. 2004. The amphibians and reptiles of the Western Sahara (former Spanish Sahara) and adjacent regions. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 228 pp. [reviewed in Reptilia GB 44: 81]
  • Geniez, Philippe 2018. Snakes of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Princeton University Press, 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1849. Catalogue of the specimens of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Edward Newman, London, i-xv; 1-125. - get paper here
  • Gruber, U. 2009. Die Schlangen Europas, 2. Aufl. Kosmos Naturführer, 266 pp.
  • Guichenot, A. 1850. Histoire naturelle des reptiles et des poissons. Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie pendant les annees 1840, 1841, 1842. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 147 pp. (+ atlas) - get paper here
  • Herrmann, H. W.; Joger,U. & Nilson,G. 1992. Phylogeny and systematics of viperine snakes. III.: Resurrection of the genus Macrovipera (REUSS, 1927) as suggested by biochemical evidence. Amphibia-Reptilia 13: 375-392 - get paper here
  • Hoser, R. 2012. A taxonomic revision of the Vipera palaestinae Werner, 1938 species group, with the creation of a new genus and a new subgenus. Australasian J. Herpetol. 11: 53-55 - get paper here
  • Kramer, E. & H. SCHNURRENBERGER 1959. Zur Systematik Libyscher Schlangen. Mitt. Naturf. Gesells. Bern N.F. 17: 1-17
  • Lenk, P.; Kalyabina, S.; Wink, M.; Joger, U. 2001. Evolutionary relationships among the true vipers (Reptilia: Viperidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19(1):94-104 - get paper here
  • Marinkelle 1959. Slangen van Noord-Afrika. Lacerta 17: 35-38 - get paper here
  • Marinkelle 1962. De slangen van Marokko, Algerie, Tunesie, en Lybie. Lacerta 21: 12-16 - get paper here
  • Marmol, Gabriel Martínez del; Baudilio Rebollo Fernandez, Stéphane Clerc, Thor Håkonsen, Sonia Acierno, Marco Sassoe 2019. Sympatry of vipers in southwestern Morocco. Herpetology Notes 12: 337-342 - get paper here
  • Martínez-Freiría, Fernando; Pierre-André Crochet, Soumia Fahd, Philippe Geniez, José C Brito, Guillermo Velo-Antón 2017. Integrative phylogeographical and ecological analysis reveals multiple Pleistocene refugia for Mediterranean Daboia vipers in north-west Africa,. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , blx038 - get paper here
  • Martínez del Mármol, Gabriel; D. James Harris, Philippe Geniez, Philip de Pous, and Daniele Salvi 2019. Amphibians and Reptiles of Morocco. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 478 pp - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
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  • Obst, F.J. 1983. Zur Kenntnis der Schlangengattung Vipera. Zool. Abh. staatl. Mus. Tierkunde Dresden 38: 229-235
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  • Schwarz,E. 1936. Untersuchungen über Systematik und Verbreitung der europäischen und mediterranen Ottern. In: Die europäischen und mediterranen Ottern und ihre Gifte. Behringwerk-Mitteilungen 7: 159-362
  • Sindaco, R.; Alberto Venchi & Cristina Grieco 2013. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic, Volume 2: Annotated Checklist and Distributional Atlas of the Snakes of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia, with an Update to Volume 1. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 543 pp. - get paper here
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  • Stemmler, O. & Hotz,H. 1972. Bericht über eine herpetologische Sammelreise nach Marokko im Juli 1969. Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 83 (1): 125-160 - get paper here
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  • Venchi, Alberto and Roberto Sindaco 2006. Annotated checklist of the reptiles of the Mediterranean countries, with keys to species identification. Part 2 -Snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria", Genova, XCVIII: 259-364
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