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Echinosaura horrida BOULENGER, 1890

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Higher TaxaGymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards) 
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Rough Teiid
S: Corcho de agua 
SynonymEchinosaura horrida BOULENGER 1890: 83
Echinosaura horrida — PETERS et al. 1970: 112
Echinosaura horrida — KÖHLER 2000: 101
Echinosaura horrida — KÖHLER 2004
Echinosaura horrida — VALENCIA-ZULETA et al. 2014
Echinosauria horrida — RIOS et al. 2011 (in error) 
DistributionNW Ecuador, Colombia (Valle del Cauca, Chocó), elevation in Ecuador: 200-860 m

Type locality: Ecuador.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.8.31.60-61 (2) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Echinosaura horrida can be readily distinguished from the other two congeneric species by the presence in the dorsum if continuous and longitudinal rows of tubercles juxtaposed (no continuous in E. orcesi; 2-6 scales between longitudinal rows of tubercles in E. brachycephala) and three ventral scales per caudal segment (five to six in E. orcesi; four in E. brachycephala).
 
CommentSubspecies: The subspecies E. h. palmeri BOULENGER 1911 and E. h. panamensis BARBOUR 1924 are now considered as valid species.

Type species: Echinosaura horrida BOULENGER 1890: 83 is the type species of the genus Echinosaura BOULENGER 1890. 
Etymology 
References
  • Barbour, Thomas 1924. Two noteworthy new lizards from Panama. Proc. New England zool. Club 9: 7-10
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1890. First report on additions to the lizard collection in the British Museum (Natural History). Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1890: 77—86 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1911. Descriptions of new reptiles from the Andes of South America, preserved in the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 7 (37): 19-25 - get paper here
  • Carrera, C. et al. 2009. Guía de Campo de los Pequeños Vertebrados del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito (DMQ). Publicación Miscelánea N° 5. Serie de Publicaciones del Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales (MECN) – Fondo Ambiental del MDMQ. 1-89 pp. Imprenta Nuevo Arte. Quito-Ecuador.
  • CASTRO-HERRERA, FERNANDO; ANYELET VALENCIA-AGUILAR, DIEGO VILLAQUIRAN-Martínez 2012. Diversidad de Anfibios y Reptiles del Parque Nacional Natural Isla Gorgona Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali, Valle del Cauca, 112 pp.
  • Cortés Gómez, Angela María; Anyelet Valencia Aguilar, Diana Marcela Torres Domínguez, Lina María García Calderón, Diego Fernando Villaquirán Martínez, Andrea del Pilar Cáceres Franco, Fernando Castro Herrera 2010. Guía de los anfibios y reptiles. Área en conservación de la microcuenca Quebrada Pericos. [Valle de Cauca, Colombia]. Corporación Autónoma Regional del Valle del Cauca, Santiago de Cali: CVC, 37 pp. - get paper here
  • Dunn,E.R. 1944. Notes on Colombian herpetology, II. The lizard genus Echinosaura. Caldasia 2: 397-405.
  • Fritts, Thomas H., Ana Almendáriz and Sissi Samec 2002. A new species of Echinosaura (Gymnophthalmidae) from Ecuador and Colombia with comments on other members of the genus and Teuchocercus keyi. Journal of Herpetology 36 (3): 349-355 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • Köhler, G.; Böhme, W. & Schmitz, A. 2004. A new species of Echinosaura (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from Ecuador. Journal of Herpetology 38 (1): 52-60 - get paper here
  • Leviton, A. E., & ANDERSON, S. C. 1966. Further comments on the behavior of the Panamanian microteiid Echinosaura horrida. Herpetologica 22 (2):160. - get paper here
  • Ortega-Andrade, H. Mauricio 2006. Reptilia, Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae, Echinosaura horrida: distribution extension and new geographic distribution map for Ecuador. Check List 2 (3): 2-4 - get paper here
  • Ríos, E.E.; C.F. Hurtado P., J.T. Rengifo M., and F. Castro Herrera. 2011. LAGARTOS EN COMUNIDADES NATURALES DE DOS LOCALIDADES EN LA REGIÓN DEL CHOCÓ DE COLOMBIA. Herpetotropicos 5 (2): 85-92 - get paper here
  • Uzzell, T. M. 1965. Teiid lizards of the genus Echinosaura. Copeia 1965 (1): 82-89. - get paper here
  • Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here
  • Vargas-S., F. & Bolanos-L., M.E. 1999. Presencia de reptiles en la región de Anchicayá, pacifico colombiano, a través de un gradiente de deforestación. Caldasia 21 (2): 235-238 - get paper here
  • Werner,F. 1916. Bemerkungen über einige niedere Wirbeltiere der Anden von Kolumbien mit Beschreibungen neuer Arten. Zool. Anz. 47: 301-311 - get paper here
 
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