Eristicophis macmahoni ALCOCK & FINN, 1897

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Higher Taxa	Viperidae, Viperinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: McMahons Desert Viper, Asian sand viper G: McMahon-Viper
Synonym	Eristicophis macmahonii ALCOCK & FINN 1897: 564 Eristicophis mcmahoni — WALL 1911: 1042 Eristicophis macmahoni — SMITH 1943: 493 Eristicophis macmahoni — WELCH 1994: 63 Eristicophis macmahonii— MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 382 Eristicophis macmahoni — PHELPS 2010 Eristicophis macmahoni — WALLACH et al. 2014: 284 Eristicophis macmahonii — KAMALI 2020
Distribution	E Iran, S Afghanistan, W Pakistan Type locality: Amirchah, 3300 feet elevation; Zeh, 2500 feet elevation; Drana Koh; Robat I., 4300 feet elevation.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	syntypes: ZSI 14179–84
Diagnosis
Comment	Venomous! Type species: Eristicophis macmahonii ALCOCK & FINN 1897: 564 is the type species of the genus Eristicophis ALCOCK & FINN 1897. Phylogenetics: for a recent phylogeny of this and related Viperinae see Šmíd & Tolley 2019. Distribution: For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013.
Etymology	named after Captain McMahon, C.I.E., British Commissioner, who helped with collecting specimens.
References	Alcock, A. W. & FINN,F. 1897. An account of the Reptilia collected by Dr. F.P. Maynard, Captain A.H. McMahon, C.I.E., and the members of the Afghan-Baluch Boundary Comission of 1896. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 65: 550-566 [1896] - get paper here Blanford, W.T. 1897. [Two examples of a new viper]. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1897: 295 - get paper here BODSON, Liliane 2012. Introduction au système de nomination des serpents en grec ancien : l'ophionyme dipsas et ses synonymes. Anthropozoologica 47 (1): 73–155 - get paper here Fathinia B, Rastegar‐Pouyani N, Rastegar‐Pouyani E. 2018. Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of genera Eristicophis and Pseudocerastes (Ophidia, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 47: 673–685 - get paper here Herrmann, H. W.; Joger, U.; Lenk, P. & Wink, M. 1999. Morphological and molecular phylogenies of viperines: conflicting evidence? Kaupia (Darmstadt) (8): 21-30 - get paper here Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp. Khan, M.S. 1983. Venomous terrestrial snakes of Pakistan. The Snake 15 (2): 101-105. Khan, M.S. 2002. Die Schlangen Pakistans [English edition as “A Guide to the snakes of Pakistan”]. Edition Chimaira (Frankfurt am Main), 265 pp. [review in HR 34: 400, Russ J Herp 12: 79] - get paper here Mallow, D. Ludwig, D. & Nilson, G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger, Malabar, Florida, 410 pp. [review in HR 35: 200, Reptilia 35: 74] Marx, H. & G.B. RABB 1965. Relationships and zoogeography of the viperine snakes (Family Viperidae). Fieldiana: Zoology 44 (21): 161-206 - get paper here McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp. O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here Phelps, T. 2010. Old World Vipers. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 558 pp. [critical review in Sauria 33 (3): 19 and HR 43: 503] Pouyani, N. R., Fathinia, B., & Rastegar-pouyani, E. 2021. Ecomorphological Study of Scales in Some Genera of the Viperid and Colubrid Snakes (Ophidia: Viperidae: Colubridae). Authorea Preprints - get paper here RASTEGAR-POUYANI, NASRULLAH; HAJI GHOLI KAMI, MEHDI RAJABZADEH, SOHEILA SHAFIEI AND STEVEN CLEMENT ANDERSON 2008. Annotated Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 4 (1): 7-30 Sindaco, R.; Alberto Venchi & Cristina Grieco 2013. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic, Volume 2: Annotated Checklist and Distributional Atlas of the Snakes of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia, with an Update to Volume 1. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 543 pp. - get paper here Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp. Šmíd, Jiří;, & Krystal A. Tolley 2019. Calibrating the tree of vipers under the fossilized birth-death model. Scientific Reports 9:5510 - get paper here Wall, F. 1906. The poisonous snakes of India and how to recognize them, Part II. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 299-334 - get paper here Wall, F. 1911. Remarks on a snake collection in the Quetta museum. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 1033-1042 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.aircav.com/survival/appe/asappe17.html http://www.kingsnake.com/viperidae/images/photos.htm http://www.seh-herpetology.org/images/atlas/pdf/squamata/cherub.pdf http://www.wildherps.com/species/E.tigrinus.html http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21569015-snake-venom… https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/257485033142769/ https://australian.museum/learn/animals/reptiles/pale-headed-snake/ Google images

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