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Erythrolamprus aesculapii (LINNAEUS, 1758)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesErythrolamprus aesculapii aesculapii (LINNAEUS 1758)
Erythrolamprus aesculapii monozona JAN 1863
Erythrolamprus aesculapii tetrazona JAN 1863
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus (WIED 1821) 
Common NamesE: South American False Coralsnake, Aesculapian False Coral Snake
Portuguese: Bacorá, Boicorá, Cobra-Corá, Cobra-Coral, Coral, Coral-da-Falsa, Coral-Falsa, Falsa-Coral, Falsa-Coral-Anelada 
SynonymColuber Aesculapii LINNAEUS 1758: 220
Coluber Aesculapii — LINNAEUS 1766: 380
Coluber agilis LINNAEUS 1758: 220 (?)
Coluber agilis — LINNAEUS 1766: 381
Coluber nigrofasciatus LACÉPÈDE 1789: 98
Coluber atro-cinctus DAUDIN 1803: 389
Coluber binatus LICHTENSTEIN 1823: 105
Erythrolampus [sic] Aesculapii — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 845
Erytrolamprus [sic] Milberti — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 854
Erythrolamprus intricatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 855
Erythrolamprus Bauperthuisii DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 850
Erythrolamprus albostulatus COPE 1860: 259
Erythrolamprus Aesculapii dicranta JAN 1863: 314
Erythrolamprus Aesculapii confluentus JAN 1863: 315
Erythrolamprus aesculapii — BEEBE 1946: 27
Erythrolamprus baileyi ROZE 1959: 526
Erythrolamprus aesculapii — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 110
Erythrolamprus bauperthuisii — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 112
Erythrolamprus aesculapii aesculapii — DUELLMAN 1978: 242
Erythrolamprus aesculapii aesculapii — GASC & RODRIGUES 1980
Erythrolamprus aesculapii aesculapii — GORZULA & SEÑARIS 1999
Erythrolamprus aesculapii — BOOS 2001
Erythrolamprus aesculapii — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Erythrolamprus aesculapii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 281
Erythrolamprus aesculapii aesculapii — FREITAS 2014
Erythrolamprus aesculapii — TORRES-CARVAJAL & HINOJOSA 2020

Erythrolamprus aesculapii monozona JAN 1863
Erythrolamprus Aesculapii monozona JAN 1863: 312
Erythrolamprus aesculapii monozona — MACHADO 1945: 77
Erythrolamprus aesculapii monozona — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970

Erythrolamprus aesculapii tetrazona JAN 1863
Erythrolamprus Aesculapii tetrazona JAN 1863: 315
Erythrolamprus aesculapii tetrazona — MERTENS 1956: 544
Erythrolamprus aesculapii tetrazona — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970

Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus (WIED 1821)
Coluber venustissimus WIED 1821: 75
Coluber venustissimus WIED-NEUWIED 1822 (fide WALLACH et al. 2014)
Elaps venustissimus — SPIX 1824: 6
Erythrolamprus venustissimus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 851
Erythrolamprus aesculapii BOULENGER 1896 (part.)
Coluber venustissimus — GARCIA 1896: 33
Erythrolamprus venustissimus — BOCOURT 1886
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus — MACHADO 1945: 77
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus — MERTENS 1956
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus — HOOGMOED & GRUBER 1983
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus — CEI 1993
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus — FREITAS 2014
Erythrolamprus aesculapii venustissimus — MARQUES et al. 2016 
DistributionBrazil (Amazonas, Goias, Pará, Sergipe, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Pernambuco, Espírito Santo etc.), Bolivia, Peru, Colombia [Castro,F. (pers. comm.)], Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Venezuela, Trinidad, Argentina (Misiones), Paraguay (fide Paul Smith, pers. comm., 27 Apr 2014)

Type locality: “Indiis”. Possibly from NE Venezuela or N Suriname (fide Erik Åhlander, pers. comm.).

bauperthuisii: Côte ferme. Restricted to “vicinity of Cumaná, Estado Sucre, Venezuela” by HOGE & LANCINI 1960: 61  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: NRM (also given as RMS)
Holotype: ZMB 10873 [tetrazona]
Syntype: MNHN-RA 3682 (other syntypes unknown, fide I. Ineich, pers. comm., 29 Aug 2017) [Bauperthuisii]
Syntypes: MSNM, MHNN [monozona]
Holotype: lost, Dry, stuffed specimen [venustissimus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Myers 2011 and GRAZZIOTIN et al. (2012) state that there is no “exclusive morphological synapomorphy” to diagnose the genus. 
CommentNote the difference in banding pattern on the latter set of photos which is an example for Bates’ mimicry (copying Micrurus corallinus and M. frontalis). Erythrolamprus bauperthuisii has been synonymized with Erythrolamprus aesculapii by CUNHA & NASCIMENTO 1980.

Synonymy and subspecies modified after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970.

Type species: Coluber venustissimus WIED 1821 is the type species of the genus Erythrolamprus BOIE 1826: 981.

Venomous! at least mildly (Quelch, 1893)

Diet: primarily snakes which are often eaten with the tail first (Braz & Marques 2016).

Distribution: Known on Trinidad from only a single specimen (Murphy et al. 2019). See map in Nogueira et al. 2019.

Habitat: forest 
EtymologyNamed after Aesculapius (or Asclepius), the god of medicine in Greek and Roman mythology. 
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