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Fowlea piscator (SCHNEIDER, 1799)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Asiatic Water Snakes, Checkered Keelback
G: Gewöhnliche Fischnatter, Fischernatter
Chinese: 渔游蛇 
SynonymHydrus Piscator SCHNEIDER 1799: 247
Hydrus palustris SCHNEIDER 1799: 249 (fide BOULENGER 1893: 230)
Coluber anostomosatus DAUDIN 1803 (fide MERREM 1820: 122)
Coluber umbratus DAUDIN 1803: 144
Coluber braminus DAUDIN 1803: 176
Coluber mortuarius DAUDIN 1803: 187
Coluber dora DAUDIN 1803: 391
Natrix piscator — MERREM 1820: 122
Coluber bengalensis GRAY 1834
Coluber rectangulus GRAY 1834
Tropidonotus quincunciatus SCHLEGEL 1837: 307
Coluber funebris SCHLEGEL 1837 (nomen nudum)
Coluber sinuatus SCHLEGEL 1837 (nomen nudum)
Col. quincunciatus SCHLEGEL 1837 (fide DUMÉRIL et al. 1854)
Tropidonotus quincunciatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 592
Tropidonotus quincunciatus — GÜNTHER 1859: 224
Tripidonotus [sic] tytleri BLYTH 1863: 88
Tropidonotus quincunciatus — THEOBALD 1868: 46
Tropidonotus striolatus THEOBALD 1868 (nom. nov. pro T. tytleri BLYTH)
Tropidonotus quincunciatus — ANDERSON 1871: 176
Tropidonotus quincunciatus — MÜLLER 1881
Tropidonotus piscator — BOULENGER 1893: 230
Natrix piscator — STEJNEGER 1907: 288
Tropidonotus piscator lateralis WALL 1907
Tropidonotus piscator punctatus WALL 1907
Tropidonotus piscator — WALL 1908: 317
Nerodia (Tropidonotus) piscator — WALL 1921: 91
Xenochrophis piscator MALNATE & MINTON 1965
Amphiesma flavipunctatum HALLOWELL 1861: 503
Natrix piscator — SMITH 1943
Natrix piscator — TWEEDIE 1954
Xenochrophis piscator — COX et al. 1998: 43
Xenochrophis piscator — CHAN-ARD et al. 1999: 190
Xenochrophis tytleri — VOGEL & DAVID 2006
Xenochrophis piscator — MURTHY 2010
Xenochrophis piscator — WALLACH et al. 2014: 798
Xenochrophis tytleri — WALLACH et al. 2014: 800
Xenochorpis piscator — FELLOWS 2015 (in error)
Natrix piscator — SINGH et al. 2016
Xenochropis piscator — BHATTARAI et al. 2018 (in error)
Fowlea piscator — PURKAYASTHA et al. 2019
Fowlea tytleri — PURKAYASTHA et al. 2019
Fowlea piscator — PATEL & VYAS 2019
Xenochrophis piscater — BHANDARKAR & PALIWAL 2021 (in error)
Fowlea piscator — AMARASINGHE et al. 2022
Fowlea tytleri — AMARASINGHE et al. 2022
Fowlea tytleri — CHANDRAMOULI 2022 
DistributionAfghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India (Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra, Kerala, Arunachal Pradesh [A. Captain, pers. comm.], Assam (Guwahati), West Bengal( Kolkata, 24 Pargana,  Medinipur), Goa, Uttar Pradesh (Varanasi ), Meghalaya (Khasi Hills, Garo Hills), Orissa = Odisha (Baripada, Balasore) Manipur (Domba) [J. Purkayastha, pers. comm.], Punjab [Dino Aulakh, pers. comm.], Gujarat, Tripura, Mizoram, Telangana, Nagaland), Bangladesh; Bhutan, Nepal (elevation below 700 m), Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Laos [HR 30: 175], Vietnam, West Malaysia,
China (Chekiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Nan Ao Island, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan)

Type locality: “East indies”; restricted to the northern coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh by Vogel & David 2012.

punctatus: India; Type locality: restricted to “Tranquebar’’ (now Tharangambadi, Tamil Nadu, India) by Vogel and David 2012.

tytleri: Andaman Islands, possibly Nicobar Islands; Type locality: Andaman Island  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1904.7.27.32, illustrated and previously considered as iconotype in Russell, 1796: pl. 33 (rediscovered by Vogel et al. 2012).
Neotype: BMNH 1904.7.27.32 (specimen depicted by Russell, 1796: pl. 33), designated by Vogel & David 2012 [Hydrus palustris]
Holotype: ZSI 7402 (formerly ZSI 46a ASB) [tytleri]
Lectotype: unlocated, maybe lost; “the specimen Russell (1801) had from Tranquebar”, designated by Amarasinghe et al. 2022 [punctatus] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: partly after STEJNEGER 1907 and Vogel & David 2012. Xenochrophis piscator melanzostus is sometimes included in X. flavipunctatum. DUMÉRIL et al. 1854 give Hydrus palustris SCHNEIDER 1792 as orginal name. Coluber braminus Daudin, 1803: 176 is a replacement name for Hydrus palustris Schneider, 1799. Both Coluber funebris and Coluber sinuatus SCHLEGEL 1837 are nomina nuda fide Vogel & David 2012 and thus not clearly synonymous with X. piscator but they have been synonymized with Tropidonotus quincunciatus by some authors. Köhler et al. 2021 synonymized F. tytleri with F. piscator. AMARASINGHE et al. 2022 disagree and consider F. tytleri as a valid species.

Distribution: Not listed by DAS 1999 for the Andaman Islands and Nicobar Islands who listed X. melanozostus instead (for both islands). Not on Borneo fide DAS (pers. comm. via Shai Meiri, 4. Feb 2013). X. melanzostus has been elevated from being a subspecies of piscator, and hence its distribution is separate: melanzostus is found only in Indonesia, but piscator is not. See map in Amarasinghe et al. 2022: 213 (Fig. 9). Not in Singapore or not established there (Figueroa et al. 2023).

Not listed by VIJAYAKUMAR & DAVID 2006 for the Nicobar Islands.

Similar species: This species has been previously confused with Xenochrophis melanzostus. 
EtymologyF. tytleri was named after Col. Tytler who sent the type specimens to Blyth. 
References
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