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Furcifer viridis FLORIO, INGRAM, RAKOTONDRAVONY, LOUIS JR & RAXWORTHY, 2012

IUCN Red List - Furcifer viridis - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaChamaeleonidae, Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Green chameleon 
SynonymFurcifer viridis FLORIO, INGRAM, RAKOTONDRAVONY, LOUIS JR & RAXWORTHY 2012 
DistributionN/W Madagascar (from Ambodiampana (13.7°S, 49.6°E) in the north- east, to the Makay Massif in the south (21.6°S, 45.1°E) and extending into the interior of the island as far east as Mandoto (19.6°S, 46.3°E), elevation near 0-1300 m.

Type locality: Ambinanitelo (14.22556°S, 48.96297°E), 1250- to 1300 m elevation, Tsaratanana Massif, Mahajanga Province, Madagascar  
Reproductionoviparous (phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: AMNH 152603 (RAX 5989), a mature male, collected 1 March 2003, by N. Rabib- isoa, S. Mahaviasy & N. Rakotozafy. Left hind limb was removed and preserved in ethanol for DNA extraction.
Paratopotypes: AMNH 152604 (RAX 5990) and AMNH 152606 (RAX 5995) – both mature females collected in the same locality and on the same date as the holotype. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A Furcifer chameleon from Madagascar with a double row of scales along the dorsal body ridge, which can be distinguished from all other species with this character by the following: 14–18 tubercles on the parietal crest (F. major 10–13, F. campani 7–8); axillary pits always present or at least indicated (F. major absent); a typical solid green adult colour in life, with or without a single pale line on the flank (F. lateralis and F. campani with complex pale and dark spotting, often on a dark brown or reddish brown background, and for F. campani 2–3 pale lines on lateral body); maximum SVL of 120 mm for males and 98 mm for females (F. lateralis with maximum SVL of 98 mm for males, and 92 mm for females; F. campani with maximum SVL of 70 mm for males and females), head casque height ⁄ head height > 0.5 (F. campani and F. lateralis < 0.5); and no regular rows of enlarged round tubercles on flanks (F. campani, regular rows of enlarged round tubercles on flanks). Furcifer viridis is also diagnosable from other species based on phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial and nuclear loci [ROSA et al. 2012]. 
Comment 
EtymologyThis species is named to recognize the predominantly green body. 
References
  • FLORIO, A. M., INGRAM, C. M., RAKOTONDRAVONY, H. A., LOUIS, E. E. and RAXWORTHY, C. J. 2012. Detecting cryptic speciation in the widespread and morphologically conservative carpet chameleon (Furcifer lateralis) of Madagascar. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 25: 1399–1414. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02528.x - get paper here
  • Glaw, F. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). [type catalogue] Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): 167–246 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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