Hemidactylus angulatus HALLOWELL, 1854

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Higher Taxa	Gekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies	Hemidactylus angulatus angulatus HALLOWELL 1854 Hemidactylus angulatus leightoni BOULENGER 1911
Common Names	E: Brook's House Gecko G: Brooks Halbfingergecko, Afrikanischer Hausgecko haitianus: Antillean House Gecko
Synonym	Hemidactylus angulatus HALLOWELL 1854: 63 Hemidactylus cyanodactylus GIRARD 1858: 284 (non RAFINESQUE) Hemidactylus angulatus — BOULENGER 1885: 113 Hemidactylus stellatus BOULENGER 1885: 130 (fide LOVERIDGE 1957) Hemidactylus brookii haitianus MEERWARTH 1901:17 Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — ROMER 1953 Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — MERTENS 1955 Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — HOOGMOED 1980 Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — SCHLEICH 1987: 51 Hemidactylus cyanogaster SCHLEICH 1987: 51 (nom. subst. pro Gecus cyanodactylus GIRARD 1858) Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991: 11 Hemidactylus brookii haitianus — KLUGE 1993 Hemidactylus haitianus — POWELL et al. 1996 Hemidactylus angulatus — BAUER et al. 2006 Hemidactylus angulatus —CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2006 Hemidactylus angulatus — PAUWELS & VENDE WEGHE 2008 Hemidactylus angulatus — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 84 Hemidactylus haitianus — SANCHEZ 2018 Hemidactylus haitianus — MCCRANIE 2018 Hemidactylus angulatus leightoni BOULENGER 1911 Hemidactylus leightoni BOULENGER 1911: 19 Hemidactylus neotropicalis SHREVE 1936 Hemidactylus leightoni — POWELL et al. 1996 Hemidactylus leightoni — FUENMAYOR 2002 Hemidactylus angulatus leightoni — RÖSLER & GLAW 2010
Distribution	Benin, Burkina Faso, Niger, Sudan (Jumhūriyyat), Republic of South Sudan (RSS), Central African Republic, Gabon, Uganda, south to Tanzania, west to Senegal [Nigeria, Togo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea (Conakry), Guinea-Bissau, Senegal]; Mauritania, Gambia, Cameroon, Zanzibar, Pemba Island, Cape Verde Islands, Equatorial Guinea Type locality: West coast of Africa = Gabon haitianus: Caribbean: Cuba, Hispaniola, Dominican, Republic, Puerto Rico (introduced; see comment); Type locality: "Haiti, Port-au-Prince' (for HZM 1500, only "Haiti" was given) leightoni: Venezuela (Zulia), Colombia; Type locality: Honda, Magdalene R., Columbia cyanodactylus: Type locality: “Port Praya, San Jago, Cape de Verde Islands” neotropicalis: Type locality: Puerto Witches, Santander, Colombia.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: ANSP 7431 Lectotype: ZMB 5740A (designated by BAUER & GÜNTHER 1991) [Hemidactylus guineensis PETERS 1868] Syntypes: ZMH (Universität Hamburg Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg) 1500, 2250 (a-b), now destroyed [haitianus] Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.25.65 [leightoni] Holotype: MCZ 39706 [neotropicalis]
Diagnosis	Diagnosis (partial): Vásquez-Restrepo 2018 provide illustrated comparisons between the Colombian Hemidactylus, H. frenatus, H. garnotii, and H. angulatus.
Comment	Synonymy: Hemidactylus brookii haitianus was elevated to species status by Powell et al. (1996) from subspecific status based on (1) evidence that H. brookii in the Eastern Hemisphere constitute a species complex (R. I. Crombie, in. litt., 15 June 1995, to R. W. Henderson); (2) the distinctiveness of West Indian populations (see original description of Meerwarth [1901); (3) comments in Powell (1993); and (4) previous use of this combination and comments by Powell and Parmerlee (1993). RÖSLER & GLAW (2010) re-synonymized haitianus with angulatus though. Note, however, that Rösler and Glaw did not evaluate variation in the angulatus complex, so they can’t really tell if New world taxa are synonymous with H. angulatus sensu stricto (A. Bauer, pers. comm., 27 April 2015). WEISS & HEDGES 2007 synonymized all West Indian geckos referred to H. brooki or H. haitianus with H. angulatus based on little or no DNA sequence differences. The Caribbean populations have been most likely been introduced from Africa by the slave trade. However, given that H. angulatus may be a species complex, resurrection of H. haitianus is possible. Distribution: Marques et al. 2018 listed H. angulatus as “H. angulatus complex”. Not in Angola fide Ceríaco et al. 2020 (where populations are now assigned to H. nzingae). For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022.
Etymology	Unclear, but apparently from Latin angulatus = made angular, cornered, with angles, angular.
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Philippine Journal of Science. 10: 89-109 - get paper here Thys VAN DER AUDENAERDE,F.F.E. 1967. Les Gekkonidae de l'Afrique centrale. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. (Brussels) 76 (1/2): 163-172 Trape, J.F.; Trape, S. & Chirio, L. 2012. Lézards, crocodiles et tortues d'Afrique occidentale et du Sahara. IRD Orstom, 503 pp. - get paper here Tytler, R. C. 1865. Observations on a few species of geckos alive in the possession of the author. J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 33 [1864]:535—548. - get paper here Vásquez-Restrepo JD, Lapwong Y 2018. Confirming the presence of a fourth species of non-native house gecko of the genus Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) in Colombia. Check List 14(4): 665-669 - get paper here Vences, M., Wanke, S., Vietes, D.R., Branch, W.R., Glaw, F., Meyer, A. 2004. Natural colonization or introduction? Phylogeographic relationships and morphological differentiation of house geckos (Hemidactylus) from Madagascar. Biol. J. Linn. 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External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://fm2.fieldmuseum.org/plantguides/guide_pdfs/197%20Cuba%20Baconao… http://www.kingsnake.com/westindian/diapsida1.html http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1MwwViYJSIM/TsK0T_vonQI/AAAAAAAAUqI/Fl_DLfV_QpA… http://www.arod.com.au/arod/reptilia/Squamata/Typhlopidae/Ramphotyphlops… http://www.wildherps.com/species/H.haitianus.html Google images

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