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Hemidactylus parvimaculatus DERANIYAGALA, 1953

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Spotted house gecko
Sinhala: Pulli geval huna 
SynonymHemidactylus brookii parvimaculatus DERANIYAGALA 1953: 45
Hemidactylus brookii parvimaculatus — ZIESMANN et al. 2007
Hemidactylus brookii parvimaculatus — SOMAWEERA & SOMAWEERA 2009
Hemidactylus parvimaculatus — BAUER et al. 2010
Hemidactylus parvimaculatus — RÖSLER & GLAW 2010
Hemidactylus parvimaculatus — LAJMI et al. 2016 
DistributionSri Lanka, Reunion, Mauritius und Rodrigues, Moheli (Comoro Islands), Maldives, Mascarene Islands, S/E India (Kerala, Odisha)

Type locality: Colombo, Ceylon [Sri Lanka].

Introduced to the USA (Louisiana: New Orleans)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: NMSL (Colombo); “No. RG. 15” fide Deraniyagala 1953: 45. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A member of the H. brookii group, characterized by the combination of presence of smaller subtrihedral tubercles on mid-dorsum, 11–17 (12 in holotype fide DERANIYAGALA, 1953) precloacal-femoral pores on either side, interrupted by 1-3 pore-less scales; absence of undivided lamellae (after LAJMI et al. 2016; also see BAUER et al. 2010; MAHONY, 2011).  
CommentSimilar species: Has been confused with H. brooki. Lajmi et al. (2016) demonstrated that populations inhabiting southern and southeastern India (including Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, eastern parts of Telangana and Orissa States) belong to H. parvimaculatus.

Original description in Amarasinghe et al. 2009. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “parvus, -a, -um” = small, and macula = spot (although the spots may be of varying size in this species). 
References
  • Agarwal, Ishan; Jablonski, Daniel; Bauer, Aaron M. 2019. The identity and probable origin of the Hemidactylus geckos of the Maldives. The Herpetological Journal 29 (4): 230-236 - get paper here
  • Amarasinghe, A. A. T., A. M. Bauer, I. Ineich, J. Rudge, M. M. Bahir & D. E. Gabadage 2009. The original descriptions and figures of Sri Lankan gekkonid lizards (Squamata: Gekkonidae) of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Taprobanica 1 (2): 83-106 - get paper here
  • Batuwita, Sudesh; & Rohan Pethiyagoda 2012. Rediscovery of the Sri Lankan ‘house gecko’ Hemidactylus pieresii Kelaart (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) with a redescription of Hemidactylus depressus Gray. Zootaxa 3359: 17–30 - get paper here
  • Bauer, Aaron M.; Todd R. Jackman, Eli Greenbaum, Varad B. Giri, Anslem de Silva 2010. South Asia supports a major endemic radiation of Hemidactylus geckos. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57 (1): 343-352 - get paper here
  • Borgardt, Timothy. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan spotted house gecko). Herpetological Review 46 (2): 217 - get paper here
  • Borgardt, Timothy. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan Spotted House Gecko). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 258 - get paper here
  • Bringsoe, Henrik and De Silva, Anslem 2016. Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Small-spotted Half-toed Gecko) Predation. Herpetological Review 47 (4): 670 - get paper here
  • Das, Indraneil & Abhijit Das 2017. A Naturalist’s Guide to the Reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 176 pp.
  • Davis, D R & LaDuc, T; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus aff. parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan House Gecko) USA: Texas: Chambers Co. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 102 - get paper here
  • Deraniyagala, P.E.P. 1953. A coloured atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Vol. 2. Tetrapod Reptilia. Govt. Press, Colombo, 101 pp.
  • Dissanayake, D.S.B. 2017. Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan Spotted House Gecko) Cannibalism. Herpetological Review 48 (3): 647. - get paper here
  • Erdmann, James A. 2017. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan Spotted House Gecko). Herpetological Review 48 (1): 125 - get paper here
  • Ganesh S.R., Bubesh Guptha 2021. Herpetological diversity in the Central Eastern Ghats, Peninsular India. Journal of Animal Diversity 3 (3): 18-44 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; A. Kalaimani, P. Karthik, N. Baskaran, R. Nagarajan & S.R.Chandramouli 2018. Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India – II From Western Ghats to Coromandel Coast. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, July 2018. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 28-45 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; S. Bhupathy, P. Karthik, G. Babu Rao & S. Babu 2020. Catalogue of herpetological specimens from peninsular India at the Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History (SACON), India. JoTT 12 (9): 16123–16135 - get paper here
  • Glorioso, Brad M. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus parvimaculata (Sri Lankan Spotted House Gecko). Herpetological Review 47 (1): 81 - get paper here
  • GLORIOSO, BRAD. 2021. New amphibian and reptile parish records from Louisiana, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 364–366.
  • Hawlitschek, Oliver; Boris Brückmann, Johannes Berger, Katie Green, Frank Glaw 2011. Integrating field surveys and remote sensing data to study distribution, habitat use and conservation status of the herpetofauna of the Comoro Islands. ZooKeys 144: 21-79 - get paper here
  • Heckard, D.; Kathriner, A. & Bauer, A.M. 2013. First record of Hemidactylus parvimaculatus DERANIYAGALA, 1953 from the United States. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 20(4): 192-196 - get paper here
  • JAYANETHTHI, H.B., MADURAPPERUMA, P.L., VELAUTHEM, A.V., BALASURIYA, N.H. & JABLONSKI, D. 2015. Bewertung der Verbreitung des Schuppenfingergeckos Lepidodactylus lugubris (DUMERIL & BIBRON, 1836) in Sri Lanka. Sauria 37 (2): 17 - 26 - get paper here
  • Jayaneththi, Hareschandra Bandula 2015. Vertebrate fauna of Morankanda-Mukalana secondary forest patch in Sri Lanka: A checklist reported from 2004-2008 survey. RUHUNA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 6: 21- 41 - get paper here
  • Jean-Baptiste, M. 2013. Reptile survey on Rodrigues and its islets. Solitaire (24): 18-20 - get paper here
  • Kandamby, DharmaSri 1997. Herpetological types reposed in the National Museum Colombo, Sri Lanka. Lyriocephalus 3 (1): 31-33
  • Karunarathna, D. M. S. S. and A. A. T. Amarasinghe 2010. Hemidactylus parvimaculatus Deraniyagala, 1953 (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) feeds on Ramanella variegata (Stoliczka, 1872) (Amphibia: Microhylidae) in Sri Lanka. Taprobanica 2 (2): 104 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, Suranjan D. M. S. and A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe 2011. A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE REPTILE FAUNA IN NILGALA FOREST AND ITS VICINITY, MONARAGALA DISTRICT, SRI LANKA. Taprobanica 3 (2): 69-76 - get paper here
  • Lajmi, Aparna; Varad B. Giri & K. Praveen Karanth 2016. Molecular data in conjunction with morphology help resolve the Hemidactylus brookii complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae). Org Divers Evol, DOI 10.1007/s13127-016-0271-9 - get paper here
  • Madawala, Majintha; Thilina D Surasinghe, Anslem De Silva, Dinesh Gabadage, Madhava Botejue, Indika Peabotuwage, Dushantha Kandambi, Suranjan Karunarathna 2019. Reappraisal of Herpetofauna Recorded from Jaffna Peninsula in Northern Sri Lanka with Remarks on Conservation, Diversity, and Distribution. Russ. J. Herpetol. 26 (5): 247-260 - get paper here
  • Madushanka, Shashi; Chandimal Ranathunga 2019. BIODIVERSITY BASELINE SURVEY: MOUNT K ADVENTURE RESORT, MADAMPE - RATHNAPURA. Mount K Resort, 30 pp. - get paper here
  • Mahony, Stephen 2011. Taxonomic revision of Hemidactylus brookii Gray: a re-examination of the type series and some Asian synonyms, and a discussion of the obscure species Hemidactylus subtriedrus Jerdon (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Zootaxa 3042: 37–67 - get paper here
  • McClure, R R 2019. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan Spotted House Gecko) USA: Louisiana: Plaquemines Parish, St. Bernard Parish. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 525 - get paper here
  • MENDYK, ROBERT W. 2021. Biofluorescence in the Sri Lankan House Gecko (Hemidactylus Parvimaculatus). Taprobanica 10(1): 61–63. - get paper here
  • Paira, Sanjay; Shwetadri Bhandari and Puja Ray 2022. Diversity of herpetofauna in Dantan I, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, with a note on anthropogenic impact Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 10(1): 212-219
  • Palita, S.K., Das, A.K. & Mahata, A. 2023. Diversity and Distribution Pattern of Herpetofauna in Tropical Forest Microhabitats of Eastern Ghats, Odisha. Proc Zool Soc. - get paper here
  • Pellecchia, C M & Benson, H D; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan Spotted House Gecko) USA: Mississippi: Neshoba Co. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 526 - get paper here
  • Pellecchia, C M; Glorioso, B M; Mendyk, R W; Collen, C A; Montross, V C; McGighan, W; Macedo, K; Maldonado, B R & Morenc, I N 2019. Geographic Distribution: Hemidactylus parvimaculatus (Sri Lankan Spotted House Gecko) USA: Louisiana: Plaquemines Parish, Saint Bernard Parish, Saint Charles Parish. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 525-526 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. & F. Glaw 2010. Morphologische Variation und Taxonomie von Hemidactylus brookii Gray, 1845 und Hemidactylus angulatus Hallowell, 1854 sowie phänotypisch ähnlicher Taxa. Spixiana 33 (1): 1-160 - get paper here
  • Rösler, Herbert 2015. Bemerkungen über einige Geckos der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München. Gekkota, Suppl. (2): 3-54
  • Sanchez, Mickaël; Sara Rocha & Jean-Michel PRobSt 2012. Un nouveau gecko nocturne naturalisé sur l’île de La Réunion: Hemidactylus mercatorius Gray, 1842 (Reptilia : Squamata : Gekkonidae). Bull. Soc. Herp. France (142-143): 89-106
  • Wickramasinghe, Mendis & Ruchira Somaweera 2002. Distribution and Current Status of the Endemic Geckos of Sri Lanka. Gekko 3 (1): 2-13
  • Wickramasinghe, Mendis and Ruchira Somaweera. 2008. Changes in the distribution ranges of the Sri Lankan Hemidactylus species. Gekko 5 (2): 44-60
  • Ziesmann, S.; Janzen, P. & Klaas, P. 2007. Die Vielfalt der Geckos [Sri Lankas]. Draco 7 (30): 38-44 - get paper here
 
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