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Kinosternon hirtipes (WAGLER, 1830)

IUCN Red List - Kinosternon hirtipes - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaKinosternidae (Kinosterninae), Kinosternoidea, Testudines (turtles) 
SubspeciesKinosternon hirtipes hirtipes (WAGLER 1830)
Kinosternon hirtipes chapalaense IVERSON 1981
Kinosternon hirtipes magdalense IVERSON 1981
Kinosternon hirtipes megacephalum IVERSON 1981
Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi GLASS & HARTWEG 1951
Kinosternon hirtipes tarascense IVERSON 1981 
Common NamesMexican Mud Turtle, Rough-footed Mud Turtle
murrayi: Big Bend Mud Turtle, Mexican Plateau Mud Turtle 
SynonymCinosternon hirtipes WAGLER 1830
Cinosternon Hirtipes — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 370
Cinosternum hirtipes — GÜNTHER 1885: 15
Cinosternum hirtipes — BOULENGER 1889
Kinosternon hirtipes — LINER 1994
Kinosternon hirtipes — CROTHER 2000
Kinosternon hirtipes — TTWG 2014: 348

Kinosternon hirtipes hirtipes (WAGLER 1830)
Kinosternon hirtipes hirtipes — MERTENS & WERMUTH 1955
Kinosternon hirtipes hirtipes — RHODIN et al. 2010
Kinosternon hirtipes — TTWG 2014: 348

Kinosternon hirtipes chapalaense IVERSON 1981
Kinosternon hirtipes chapalense — RHODIN et al. 2010
Kinosternon hirtipes chapalaense — TTWG 2014: 348

Kinosternon hirtipes magdalense IVERSON 1981
Kinosternon hirtipes magdalense — RHODIN et al. 2010
Kinosternon hirtipes magdalense — TTWG 2014: 348

Kinosternon hirtipes megacephalum IVERSON 1981
Kinosternon megacephalum — JOSEPH-OUNI 2003
Kinosternon hirtipes megacephalum — TTWG 2014: 348

Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi GLASS & HARTWEG 1951
Kinosternon murrayi GLASS & HARTWEG 1951
Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi — SCHMIDT 1953
Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi — CONANT & BERRY 1978
Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi — CROTHER 2000
Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi — TTWG 2014: 348

Kinosternon hirtipes tarascense IVERSON 1981
Kinosternon hirtipes tarascae (in error)
Kinosternon hirtipes tarascense — RHODIN et al. 2010
Kinosternon hirtipes tarascense — TTWG 2014: 348 
DistributionUSA (SW Texas), Mexico (Coahuila, San Luis Potosí, Distrito Federal, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Chihuahua, Durango, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Nayarit)

hirtipes: Mexico (Valley of Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico, Morelos); Type locality: "Mexico"; restricted by Schmidt (1953: 89), to "lakes near Mexico City," Mexico.

chapalaense: Mexico (Jalisco and Michoacán); Type locality: Lake Chapala (20°18'N 103°12'W), 0.25 miles off Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico.

magdalense: Mexico (Magdalena Valley of Michoacán); Type locality: along the face of the dam at Presa San Juanico (ca. 19°50'N 102°40'W), Michoacán, Mexico.

megacephalum: Mexico (Coahuila); Type locality: 3.2 km SE Viesca (25°21'N 102°48'W), Coahuila, Mexico.

murrayi: USA (Big Bend region of Texas), Mexico (Coahuila, E Chihuahua, Zacatecas, N Jalisco, N Michoacán, Sinaloa); Type locality: Harper Ranch, 37 miles south of Marfa, Presidio County, Texas.

tarascense: Mexico (Lago de Pátzcuaro Basin of Michoacán); Type locality: Lago de Patzcuaro (19°32'N 101°36'W), adjacent to city of Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: ZSM 2374/0.
Holotype: UMMZ 97128 [chapalaense]
Holotype: UF (Univ. Florida, formerly Florida State Mus. Biol. Sci.) 45035, adult male, collected 15 June 1978 by John B. Iverson, Peter A. Meylan, and Ron Magill. [magdalense]
Holotype: BCB 11466 (Strecker Mus., Baylor Univ. (Bryce C. Brown Collection), adult male, collected 4 June 1961 by Bryce C. Brown and John Wottring [megacephalum]
Holotype: TCWC 650 (Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection 650), a young male, collected 12 August 1941 by S. H. Wheeler [murrayi]
Holotype: UF (Univ. Florida, formerly Florida State Mus. Biol. Sci.) 43506, adult male, purchased in the Pdtzcuaro market 1 3 June 1978 by John B. Iverson. [tarascense] 
Diagnosis 
CommentNot listed by CONANT & COLLINS 1991.

Conservation: K. h. megacephalum has been extinct since ca. 1966 (fide JOSEPH-OUNI 2003).

Habitat: freshwater (swamps, quiet rivers) 
EtymologyNamed after the Latin words hirtus, meaning "rough" and pes, meaning "foot," in reference to the large and overlapping scales on the foot. This character is not distinctive for this species, since it occurs in all members of the genus, but at the time of its description Wagler was unaware of this.
 
References
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  • Conant, Roger; Berry, James F. 1978. Turtles of the family Kinosternidae in the Southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico: Identification and distribution. American Museum Novitates (2642): 1-18 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
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  • Glass,Bryan and Hartweg,Norman 1951. Kinosternon murrayi, a new musk turtle of the hirtipes group from Texas. Copeia 1951 (1): 50-52 - get paper here
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  • Iverson, J.B. 1981. Biosystematics of the Kinosternon hirtipes species group (Testudines: Kinosternidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany 23: 1-74. - get paper here
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  • Platt, Steven G.; Andrew R. Berezin, Dennis J. Miller, and Thomas R. Rainwater 2016. A Dietary Study of the Rough-footed Mud Turtle (Kinosternon hirtipes) in Texas, USA. Herp. Cons. Biol. 11 (1) - get paper here
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