Kinyongia fischeri (REICHENOW, 1887)

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Higher Taxa	Chamaeleonidae, Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Fischer’s chameleon G: Fischers Chamäleon
Synonym	Chamaeleon fischeri REICHENOW 1887: 371 Chamaeleon fischeri — TORNIER 1897: 57 Chamaeleon tornieri WERNER 1902 Bradypodion fischeri — NECAS 1999: 191 Bradypodion fischeri fischeri — BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991: 12 Kinyongia fischeri — TILBURY et al. 2006 Kinyongia fischeri — MARIAUX et al. 2008 Kinyongia fischeri — TILBURY 2010: 369 Kinyongia fischeri — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 268
Distribution	Tanzania (Nguru Mts.) Type locality: Nguru Mts., Tanzania.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: ZMB 10744
Diagnosis
Comment	Distribution: not in the Usambara or Uluguru Mountains. Type species: Chamaeleon fischeri REICHENOW 1887 is the type species of the genus Kinyongia TILBURY et al. 2006. Synonymy: Chamaeleon matschiei WERNER 1895 and Chamaeleon fischeri vosseleri NIEDEN 1913 have been removed from the synonymy of K. fischeri. Subspecies: Both Kinyongia fischeri multituberculatus (NIEDEN 1913) and K.f. uluguruensis have been elevated to species status. van Hoof et al. (2006) give REICHENOW 1894 as author of B. f. multituberculatum.
Etymology	Named after Johann Gustav Fischer (1819-1889), German herpetologist working in Hamburg. This genus is named after the generic Swahili name for chameleon “Kinyonga” and identifies it as a genus that is largely confined to Swahili speaking countries (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda). The name is Latinized by terminating the name spelling with the letters ia giving it a feminine gender. Thus the specific names remain unaltered.
References	Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Böhme, W. & C. Klaver 1990. Zur Kenntnis von Bradypodion uthmoelleri (MÜLLER, 1938). Salamandra 26 (4): 260-266 - get paper here Broadley, D. G. & HOWELL, K. M. 1991. A check list of the reptiles of Tanzania, with synoptic keys. Syntarsus 1: 1—70 Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248 Glaw, F. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). [type catalogue] Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): 167–246 - get paper here Lantermann, W. 2000. Begegnungen mit Chamäleons in Ostafrika. Elaphe 8 (1): 67-72 Lantermann, W. & Lantermann, Y. 2005. Chamäleons in den Westlichen Usambara-Bergen in Nord-Tansania. Reptilia (Münster) 10 (56): 72-76 - get paper here Loveridge, A. 1957. On a third collection of reptiles taken in Tanganyika by C.J.P. Ionides, Esq. Tanganyika Notes and Records 43: 1-19 Mariaux, Jean; Lutzmann, N. & Stipala, Jan 2008. The two-horned chamaeleons of East Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 152, 367–391 - get paper here Menegon M, Tolley KA, Jones T, Rovero F, Marshall AR, Tilbury CR 2009. A new species of chameleon (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae: Kinyongia) from the Magombera forest and the Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Tanzania. African Journal of Herpetology 58 (2): 59-70 - get paper here Necas, P. 1994. Bemerkungen zur Chamäleon-Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, mit vorläufiger Beschreibung eines neuen Chamäleons aus Kenia (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Herpetozoa 7 (3/4): 95-108. - get paper here Necas, Petr 1999. Chameleons - Nature's Hidden Jewels. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt; 348 pp.; ISBN 3-930612-04-6 (Europe)<br />ISBN 1-57524-137-4 (USA, Canada) Nieden, F. 1913. Chamaeleon fischeri Rchw. und seine Unterarten. Sber. Ges. naturf. Freunde, Berlin 1913: 231-249. Okajima Y, Kumazawa Y 2010. Mitochondrial genomes of acrodont lizards: timing of gene rearrangements and phylogenetic and biogeographic implications. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10:141 - get paper here Reichenow, A. 1887. Neue Wirbelthiere des Zoologischen Museums in Berlin. Zool. Anz. 10: 369- 372. - get paper here Rovero, F., Menegon, M., Fjeldså, J., Collett, L., Doggart, N., Leonard, C., Norton, G., Owen, N., Perkin, A., Spitale, D., Ahrends, A., Burgess, N. D. 2014. Targeted vertebrate surveys enhance the faunal importance and improve explanatory models within the Eastern Arc Mountains of Kenya and Tanzania. Diversity and Distributions. doi: 10.1111/ddi.12246 - get paper here Spawls, Steve; Kim Howell, Harald Hinkel, Michele Menegon 2018. Field Guide to East African Reptiles. Bloomsbury, 624 pp. - get paper here Tilbury C.R., Tolley K.A. & Branch W.R. 2006. A review of the systematics of the genus Bradypodion (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae), with the description of two new genera. Zootaxa 1363, 23–38 (correction in Zootaxa 1426: 68) - get paper here Tilbury, C. 2010. Chameleons of Africa: An Atlas, Including the Chameleons of Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt M., 831 pp. Tornier,G. 1897. Die Kriechthiere Deutsch-Ostafrikas. Beiträge zur Systematik und Descendenzlehre. D. Reimer, Berlin, 164 pp. - get paper here van Hoof, J. et al. 2006. Kameleons, een fascinerende hobby. Lacerta 64 (5-6): 1-96 - get paper here Werner, F. 1895. Über einige Reptilien aus Usambara (Deutsch-Ostafrika). Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 45: 190—194 - get paper here Werner, F. 1902. Prodromus einer Monographie der Chamäleonten. Zool. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 295- 460. - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.biotropics.com/html/echsen.html http://www.anoleannals.org/2017/09/18/anolis-garmani-in-south-florida-11… http://verity.mcphu.edu/adcham/paged.asp?genus=bradypodion http://orsp1.adm.binghamton.edu/~steve/CCS/Chamaeleo/chamaeleo_species.html http://www.aircav.com/survival/appe/asappe20.html https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/320914696799802 http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2006f/z01363p038f.pdf http://www.chameleontradehouse.nl/en/bp-fischeri-en.html http://www.terraristikladen.com/galerie_bradypodion_fischeri.htm http://www.gifte.de/naja23.htm https://endemia.nc/en/faune/fiche1410 https://endemia.nc/en/faune/fiche1080 Google images

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