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Lepidochelys kempii GARMAN, 1880

IUCN Red List - Lepidochelys kempii - Critically Endangered, CR
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Higher TaxaCheloniidae (Carettinae), Chelonioidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Atlantic Ridley, Kemp’s Ridley Seaturtle
G: Atlantik-Bastardschildkröte
S: Lora
Italian: tartaruga di Kemp 
SynonymLepidochelys kempii (GARMAN 1880)
Testudo viridi-squamosa LACÉPÈDE 1788 (nomen oblitum)
Testudo mydas minor SUCKOW 1798 (nomen oblitum)
Chelonia dussumierii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 557
Thalassochelys (Colpochelys) kempii GARMAN 1880
Thalassochelys kempii — BOULENGER 1889
Lepidochelys kempii — BAUR 1890
Caretta kempi — DUNN 1918
Lepidochelys olivacea kempi — SCHMIDT 1953
Lepidochelys kempi — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Lepidochelys kempii — LINER 1994
Lepidochelys kempii — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 77
Lepidochelys kempii — CROTHER 2000
Lepidochelys kempii — BONIN et al 2006
Lepidochelys kempii — TTWG 2021 
DistributionCarribean Sea, Atlantic Ocean (EC/NE/NW/WC),

Europe: on the Northern Atlantic coasts of France, Spain, England (incl. Channel islands: Jersey), Portugal, but only rarely in the Mediterranean (Schleich et al. 1996, Iverson 1992), Italy

Africa: Mauritania, other locations questionable (Iverson 1992)

Canada, USA (chiefly gulf of Mexico: Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Atlantic coast as far north as New England and Nova Scotia: Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine)
SE Mexico (Tamaulipas, Yucatan, Campeche, Veracruz), Colombia [Castro,F. (pers. comm.)],

Type locality: restricted to Key West, Florida (by SMITH & TAYLOR 1950).  
ReproductionLepidochelys kempii has temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD, STANDORA & SPOTILA 1986, SARRE et al. 2004). BARBER et al. (2003) and Pfaller et al. 2019 confirmed natural hybridization between a Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) by molecular analysis. 
TypesSyntype: MCZ R-46538, R-46539 
Diagnosis 
CommentThe Kemp’s ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) was thought to have been a hybrid of the loggerhead (Caretta) and either the hawks-bill (Eretmochelys) or green (Chelonia) sea turtles (see Carr, 1942). Today we know that L. kempii is a distinct and valid species (Bowen, Meylan & Avise). However, BARBER et al. (2003) and Pfaller et al. 2019 confirmed natural hybridization between a Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) by molecular analysis.

Nomenclature: see Opinion 660 (ICZN 1963) for nomenclatural issues.

Habitat: marine.

Conservation status: critically endangered; there are only 500 specimens thought to be left in the wild. 
EtymologyNamed after Richard Moore Kemp (1825-1908), a fisherman, merchant and furniture dealer from Key West, Florida, who somehow pointed out the turtle to Garman. 
References
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