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Leptophis ahaetulla (LINNAEUS, 1758)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: (Giant) Parrot Snake
G: Brasilianische Schlanknatter
S: Ranera Perico
Portuguese: Azulão-Boia, Boiubu, Cobra-Cipó, Cobra-Jericoá, Cobra-Paraíso, Cobra-Papagaio, Cobra-Verde, Jericoá 
SynonymColuber Ahaetulla LINNAEUS 1758: 225
Coluber filiformis LINNAEUS 1758: 225 (fide STEJNEGER 1933)
Coluber Ahaetulla — SHAW & NODDER 1795: plate 209
Coluber Richardi BORY DE SAINT VINCENT 1823: 588
Leptophis Ahaetulla — BELL 1825: 328
Coluber liocercus WIED 1824: 665 (fide STEJNEGER 1933)
Ahaetulla liocercus — GRAY 1831: 93
Ahaetula Linnei GRAY 1831: 93 (nom. subst. pro Coluber ahaetulla LINNAEUS)
Dendrophis liocercus — SCHLEGEL 1837: 224
Leptophis liocercus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 533
Leptophis liocercus — BOULENGER 1894: 113
Leptophis liocerus [sic] — GADOW 1909: 619
Leptophis ahaetulla ahaetulla — OLIVER 1942
Leptophis copei OLIVER 1942: 7 (ALBUQUERQUE 2009)
Leptophis ahaetulla ahaetulla — BEEBE 1946: 32
Thalerophis richardi — OLIVER 1947: 64
Thalerophis richardi copei — OLIVER 1948: 230
Thalerophis richardi richardi — OLIVER 1948: 219
Leptophis ahaetulla copei — ICZN 1958: 270
Leptophis ahaetulla — ICZN 1958
Leptophis ahaetulla copei — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 162
Leptophis ahaetulla ahaetulla — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 161
Leptophis ahaetulla ahaetulla — GASC & RODRIGUES 1980
Leptophis ahaetulla — LINER 1994
Leptophis ahaetulla copei — GORZULA & SEÑARIS 1999
Leptophis ahaetulla — PONTES et al. 2008
Leptophys ahaetulla — HÖBEL 2008 (in error)
Leptophis ahaetulla — WALLACH et al. 2014: 372
Leptophis ahaetulla — ALBUQUERQUE et al. 2022 
DistributionS Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Veracruz), Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, El Salvador ?,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama,
Colombia (incl. Valle del Cauca), Venezuela (Cojedes), Isla Margarita, Trinidad, Tobago, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname,
Brazil (Amazonas, Paraná [HR 27: 216], Goiás: HR 33: 227, Amapá, Roraima, S Ceará, Piauí, Acre, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Paraíba, Espírito Santo, Sergipe), NW Ecuador, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Peru,
Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios, Chaco, Misiones, Santa Fe ?, Salta ?); elevation (Honduras): 0-1680 m

Type locality: “Asia, America” (in error)
Type locality: “Bogotá” [Ahaetulla urosticta PETERS 1873]

ahaetulla: Venezuela

bocourti: Ecuador; Type locality: Paramba and Cachabé.

bolivianus: Bolivia; Type locality: Santa Cruz, Buena Vista.

chocoensis: Colombia, Choco; Type locality: El Río Condotó, Camp Peñalisa.

liocercus: Brazil (Bahia)

marginatus: Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina (Formosa); Type locality: Paraguay.

nigromarginatus: Ecuador

occidentalis: N Venezuela, Colombia

ortonii: Brazil ?; Type locality: Solimoens or middle Amazon.

praestans: Belize

santamartensis: Colombia (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta);

urostictus: Colombia; Type locality: “Bogota” (Colombia); restricted to the Choco area west of Bogota (fide Mertens 1973: 144)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: UUZM (= ZMUU) 2 (Gyllenborg, 174-484), designated by Savage & Oliver (1956: 149)
Holotype: USNM 83564 [copei]
Holotype: NRM 39 [filiformis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Leptophis ahaetulla can be distinguished from its congeners by the following unique combination of character states: (1) head scales not edged with black and with no black spots; (2) adult color pattern with no dark dorsal bands; (3) two dorsolateral stripes separated from each other by vertebral stripe one to one and a half scales wide in adults, at least anteriorly; (4) dorsals keeled, except first dorsal row on each side; keels not black; (5) no loreal scale; (6) ventrals 150–179 in males, 154–192 in females; (7) subcaudals 129–183 in males, 131–181 in females; (8) dorsal scales of tail with no keels; (9) maxillary teeth 24–27; (10) TL/SvL: 95% CI = 0.649–0.660 (n = 253); (11) small spines at first basal row of hemipenial body; (12) asulcate side of hemipenis similar to sulcate side. 
CommentSynonymy: after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970, STEJNEGER 1933, and Albuquerque et al. 2012. Mertens 1973 implicitly revalidated L. a. urostictus by synonymizing it with the junior synonym L. chocoensis. HOGE 1959 included Leptophis vertebralis and Leptophis flagellum ANDERSSON 1901 in the synonymy of Uromacerina ricardinii.

Subspecies: All subspecies of Leptophis ahaetulla have been elevated to species status or synonymized with one of these species.

Relative abundance in Honduras: infrequent

Key: Mertens 1973 and Albuquerque et al. 2022 provided keys to the species of Leptophis.

Type species: Coluber Ahaetulla LINNAEUS 1758: 225 is the type species of the genus Leptophis BELL 1825.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).

Distribution: see map in Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022: 15 (Fig. 4). 
EtymologyThe generic epithet is derived from the Greek words leptus = "delicate or thin” and ophis = snake. 
References
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