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Liolaemus darwinii (BELL, 1843)

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Darwin's Tree Iguana 
SynonymProctotretus darwinii BELL 1843: 20
Liolaemus darwinii — GRAY 1845
Eulaemus darwini — GIRARD 1857
Liolaemus darwinii — BOULENGER 1885: 155
Liolaemus darwinii — MÜLLER & HELLMICH 1938
Liolaemus darwinii — CEI 1993
Liolaemus (Eulaemus) darwinii — SCHULTE et al. 2000
Liolaemus darwinii — CAMARGO et al. 2012
Liolaemus (Eulaemus) darwinii — MORANDO et al. 2020
Liolaemus darwinii — AVILA et al. 2021 
DistributionArgentina (Patagonia; from SE Catamarca and SW Santiago del Estero southward to Rio Negro, and eastward to the Atlantic coast between S Buenos Aires and Chubut provinces, Mendoza, Neuquén, La Rioja)

Type locality: Bahia Blanca, Northern Patagonia, Argentina  
ReproductionOviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH xii.90.a-b (renumbered 1946.8.10.21-22). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: “Liolaemus darwinii may be distinguished from all other species in the L. darwinii complex save L. laurenti and L. olongasta by the presence of intensely dark pigment within the antehumeral fold in adult males, and from L. laurenti and L. olongasta by the presence of conspicuously enlarged, dark brown or black prescapular and postscapular spots in adult males.” (Etheridge 1993: 148). 
CommentLiolaemus darwinii, together with L. ornatus, L. irregularis and L. uspallatensis, form the L. darwinii complex.

Distribution: not in Chile (fide D. Pincheira-Donoso, pers. comm., 23 May 2017).

Member of the darwinii group of Liolaemus. 
EtymologyNamed after Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882), author of “On the Origin of Species ...”. 
References
  • Abdala, C.S. 2005. Una nueva especie del género Liolaemus perteneciente al complejo darwinii (Iguania:Liolaemidae) de la provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. Revista Española de Herpetologia 19:5-17 - get paper here
  • Abdala, C.S. 2007. Phylogeny of the boulengeri group (Iguania: Liolaemidae, Liolaemus) based on morphological and molecular characters. Zootaxa 1538: 1-84 - get paper here
  • ABDALA, CRISTIAN SIMÓN; ANDRÉS SEBASTIÁN QUINTEROS,, FEDERICO ARIAS, SABRINA PORTELLI & ANTONIO PALAVECINO 2011. A new species of the Liolaemus darwinii group (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Salta Province, Argentina. Zootaxa 2968: 26–38 - get paper here
  • Avila, L. J. and J. C. Acosta. 1993. Notas sobre el comportamiento de Liolaemus darwini (Sauria: Tropiduridae) en el sur de la Provincia de Mendoza. Facena 10: 57-61 - get paper here
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • Avila, Luciano Javier; Martín Miguel Femenías, Cristian Hernán Fulvio Pérez, Mariana Morando 2021. Nuevas especies de Liolaemus para la herpetofauna de la provincia de La Rioja, Argentina. Cuadernos de Herpetología 35 (S1): 223-228
  • Bell, T. 1843. The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. Edited and superintended by Charles Darwin ... naturalist to the expedition. Part 5. Reptiles. London, Smith, Elder and Co., (1842-1843), vi + 51 pp. - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Breitman, M. Florencia; , Luciano J. Avila, Jack W. Sites Jr., and Mariana Morando 2011. Lizards from the end of the world: Phylogenetic relationships of the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemini). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59 (2): 364-376 - get paper here
  • BRIZIO, M. V., MINOLI, I., PÉREZ, D. R., & AVILA, L. J. 2023. Reptiles of the Auca Mahuida natural protected area, Argentina. Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 25(1): 133-142 - get paper here
  • Camargo, Arley; Luciano J. Avila, Mariana Morando, and Jack W. Sites, Jr 2012. Accuracy and Precision of Species Trees: Effects of Locus, Individual, and Base Pair Sampling on Inference of Species Trees in Lizards of the Liolaemus darwinii Group (Squamata, Liolaemidae). Systematic Biology 61: 272-288 - get paper here
  • Etheridge, R. 1993. Lizards of the Liolaemus darwinii complex (Squamata: Iguania: Tropiduridae) in Northern Argentina. MUSEO REGIONALE DI SCIENZE NATURALI BOLLETTINO (TURIN). 11 (1): 137-199
  • Etheridge, R. 2000. A review of lizards of the Liolaemus wiegmannii group (Squamata, Iguania, Tropiduridae), and a history of morphological change in the sand-dwelling species. Herpetological Monographs 14: 293-352 - get paper here
  • Gallardo, J.M. 1972. Composicion faunistica de los saurios de la Provincia de la Pampa, Republica Argentina. Neotropica 17 (52): 44-48
  • Halloy, Monique; Robles, Cecilia; Salica, María José; Semhan, Romina; Juárez Heredia, Viviana; Vicente, Natalin 2013. Aportes en el estudio del comportamiento y ecología de lagartijas de los géneros Liolaemus y Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemini). Cuadernos de Herpetología 27 (1): - get paper here
  • Koslowsky,J. 1895. Batracios y reptiles de Rioja y Catamarca. Rev. Mus. La Plata 6: 359-370 - get paper here
  • Koslowsky,J. 1896. Sobre algunos reptiles de Patagonia y otras regiones argentinas. Revista Mus. La Plata 7: 447-457 - get paper here
  • Minoli I, Morando M, Avila LJ 2015. Reptiles of Chubut province, Argentina: richness, diversity, conservation status and geographic distribution maps. ZooKeys 498: 103-126. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.498.7476 - get paper here
  • Morando, M.; Avila, L.J.; Baker, J. & Sites, J.W. 2004. PHYLOGENY AND PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE LIOLAEMUS DARWINII COMPLEX (SQUAMATA: LIOLAEMIDAE): EVIDENCE FOR INTROGRESSION AND INCOMPLETE LINEAGE SORTING. Evolution 58 (4): 842–861 - get paper here
  • Müller, L. & Hellmich,W. 1938. Liolaemus - Arten aus dem westlichen Argentinien. I. Liolaemus darwini und Liolaemus goetschi. Zool. Anz. 123 (-6): 130-142
  • Müller, Lorenz & Hellmich, Walter 1939. Liolaemus-Arten aus dem westlichen Argentinien. Zool. Anz. 128: 1-17
  • Perez, C.H.F.; N. Frutos; M. Kozykariski; M. Morando; D.R. Perez; L.J. Avila. 2011. Lizards of Rio Negro Province, northern Patagonia, Argentina. Check List 7 (3): 202-219 - get paper here
  • SCHULTE II, JAMES A.; J. ROBERT MACEY, ROBERT E. ESPINOZA AND ALLAN LARSON 2000. Phylogenetic relationships in the iguanid lizard genus Liolaemus: multiple origins of viviparous reproduction and evidence for recurring Andean vicariance and dispersal. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69: 75–102 - get paper here
  • Scrocchi, Gustavo J.; Cristian S. Abdala,Javier Nori, Hussam Zaher 2010. Reptiles de la provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. Fondo Ed. Rionegrino, 249 pp.
  • Stejneger, L. 1909. Batrachians and Reptiles, Part. II: 211-224. In Scott, W. B. (ed.), 1905-1911: Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896-1899, Vol. 3, Part. 1. Princeton University, xiii+374 pp. - get paper here
  • Tulli, M.J.; F.B. Cruz, A. Herrel, B. Vanhooydonck, V. Abdala 2009. The interplay between claw morphology and microhabitat use in neotropical iguanian lizards. Zoology 112 (5): 379-392 - get paper here
  • Valdes J, Samoluk SS, Abdala CS, Baldo D, Seijo G. 2021. Structure and comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of Liolaemus lizards with different modes of reproduction and ploidy levels. PeerJ 9: e10677 - get paper here
  • Videla, F. and S. Puig. 1994. Estructura de una comunidad de lagartos del monte. Patrones de uso espacial y temporal. Multequina 3: 99-112
  • Werning, H. 2009. Auf den Spuren von Darwin durch Südamerika. Teil 1: Von England nach Patagonien. Reptilia (Münster) 14 (78): 34-46 - get paper here
  • Winchell, S. 2010. Die Reptilien Argentiniens. Reptilia (Münster) 15 (83): 20-27 - get paper here
 
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