Mauremys mutica (CANTOR, 1842)
Can you confirm these amateur observations of Mauremys mutica?
Mauremys mutica
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| Higher Taxa | Geoemydidae (Geoemydinae), Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles) |
| Subspecies | Mauremys mutica mutica CANTOR 1842 Mauremys mutica kami YASUKAWA, OTA & IVERSON 1996 |
| Common Names | E: Yellowpond Turtle G: Dreikiel-Wasserschildkröte, Chinesische Sumpfschildkröte kami: Ryukyu Yellow Pond Turtle |
| Synonym | Emys muticus CANTOR 1842 Emys mutica GRAY 1844 Emys nigricans GRAY 1855 (part.) Clemmys nigricans — STRAUCH 1862 Damonia nigricans — GRAY 1870 (part.) Damonia mutica — BOULENGER 1889 Clemmys schmackeri BOETTGER 1894 Geoclemmys mutica — SIEBENROCK 1909 Clemmys mutica — SIEBENROCK 1910 Clemmys mutica — SCHMIDT 1927 Cathaiemys mutica — LINDHOLM 1932 Annamemys grochovskiae TIEN 1957 Annamemys groeliovskiae BATTERSBY 1960 (ex errore) Mauremys mutica — MCDOWELL 1964 Mauremys nigricans — WERMUTH & MERTENS 1977 Mauremys mutica — IVERSON & MCCORD 1989 Clemmys guangxiensis QIN 1991 (part.) Mauremys iversoni PRITCHARD & MCCORD 1991 (part.) Clemmys mutica — XIANGKUI 1994 Mauremys pritchardi MCCORD 1997 (part.) Mauremys mutica — ZIEGLER 2002: 142 Mauremys mutica — OBST 2003: 17 Mauremys guangxiensis — OBST 2003: 17 Mauremys mutica — GORIS & MAEDA 2004 Mauremys guangxiensis — ZHOU & LI 2007 Mauremys mutica kami YASUKAWA & IVERSON 1996 Mauremys mutica kami — RHODIN et al. 2010 |
| Distribution | N Vietnam, S China (Guangxi, Zhejiang, Hainan, Taiwan, Japan Type locality: “Chusan” (= Zhousan) Island, Zhejiang (=Chekiang) Province, China kami: Japan (Ryukyu Archipelago); Type locality: Okawa, Ishigakijima Is., the Yaeyama Group, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan iversoni: China (Fujian, Guizhou, Guangxi) pritchardi: China (Yunnan), Myanmar (= Burma) |
| Reproduction | oviparous. |
| Types | Holotype: BMNH 1947.3.34 Holotype: SMF 7584 [schmackeri] Holotype: KUZ 19541, adul female; paraypes: BMNH, OMNH, KUZ, NSMT [kami] |
| Comment | Synonymy: partly after Rhodin et al. 2010. Has been synonymized with Mauremys nigricans by various authors (e.g. WERMUTH & MERTENS 1977). Wink et al. (2001) suggested that Mauremys iversoni is a hybrid between Cuora trifasciata and M. mutica and M. pritchardi between M. mutica and Chinemys reevesii.Clemmys guangxiensis is synonymous with M. iversoni on the advice of J. B. Iverson (pers. comm. to Kraig Adler, 2 February 1993; cited in ZHAO & ADLER 1993: 169). Synonymy with Clemmys guangxiensis is preliminary, since no formal synonymization has been published. Allozyme and mitochondrial DNA data, together with morphological support and field information, also provide compelling independent evidence that Mauremys iversoni is of hybrid origin (PARHAM et al. 2001). Both specimens of M. iversoni analyzed by SPINKS et al. (2004) appear to be hybrids because (1) they fall on very short branches with respect to O.philippeni and (2) they are deeply nested within the larger genus Cuora with strong support. There is very little cyt b sequence divergence between either specimen of M. iversoni and that of O.philippeni (0.26 –0.61%), less divergence than within, for example, the polytypic geoemydid species Cuora amboinensis (C.a.couro ,C. a.amboinensis ,C.a.lineata ,and C.a.kamaroma) which ranges from 1.1 to 5.1%.This very low level of divergence is consistent with the interpretation that our specimens of M.iversoni and O.philippeni are either recent hybrids between the same female species of Cuora and male Mauremys and Ocadia ,respectively,or perhaps that these individuals represent the result of hybridization between an undescribed species of Cuora and either a species of Mauremys or Ocadia. Mauremys pritchardi is only known from the pet trade. Wink et al. (2001) suggested that M. pritchardi is a hybrid between M. mutica and Chinemys reevesii. DNA data from SPINKS et al. (2004) is consistent with the hypothesis that our specimen of M. pritchardi is a hybrid between a female M. mutica and another species. However, the SPINKS data are also consistent with the interpretation that M. pritchardi is a recently derived member of the genus Mauremys, and that M. mutica is composed of more than one species. Types and type locality: The types of C. guangxiensis were purchased from local people, so the exact type locality is not known. Clemmys guangxiensis is considered a composite of Mauremys iversoni and M. mutica; The type series of Clemmys guangxiensis includes M. mutica and M. iversoni (C. Feldman, pers. comm. and PARHAM et al. 2001). Distribution: M. iversoni is known only from the pet trade and markets (PARHAM et al. 2001). Taxonomy: OBST (2003) lists Mauremys guangxiensis as a valid species. Etymology. The subspecific epithet kami refers to the vernacular name of turtles in the Yaeyama Group, southern Ryukyus. Habitat: freshwater (Rivers, swamps, ponds) |
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