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Micrurus nattereri SCHMIDT, 1952

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Natterer’s Coral Snake, Venezuelan aquatic coral snake
Portuguese: Cobra-Coral, Coral-Verdadeira 
SynonymMicrurus surinamensis nattereri SCHMIDT 1952
Micrurus surinamensis nattereri — WELCH 1994: 89
Micrurus surinamensis nattereri — KORNACKER 1999: 160
Micrurus nattereri — PASSOS & FERNANDES 2005
Micrurus nattereri — RIVAS et al. 2012
Micrurus nattereri — WALLACH et al. 2014: 450
Micrurus nattereri — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionS Venezuela (upper Orinoco, Rio Negro), E Colombia, NW Brazil

Type locality: between Guaramaco and San Fernando de Atabapo in upper Orinoco River, Venezuela.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: SMF 20708 (Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frankfurt), a female from a locality between Guaramaco and San Fernando de Atabapo in upper Orinoco River, Venezuela, collected by G. Hübner in 1895 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Distinguished from other species of the genus (except from M. surinamensis) by frontal scale narrower than supraoculars; only one supralabial (4th) contacting the eye; head flattened with nostrils and eyes directed upwards; process pseudocoronoid extremely developed; distinguished from M. surinamensis by having 180–195 (instead of 156–174) ventrals in males and 193–215 (instead of 169–187) ventrals in females; supratemporals reaching only the posterior portion of exoccipitals rather than extending well beyond exoccipitals in M.surinamensis; posterior portion of parietal bone blunter than in M. surinamensis which has a conspicuous sharp projection in this region (from PASSOS & FERNANDES 2005). 
CommentVenomous!

Max total length: 130 cm. 
EtymologyNamed after Johann Natterer (1787-1843), a German ornithologist and active traveler, who collected zoological specimens in the Rio Negro region in the last century. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • HOGE, A. R., AND A. R. LANCINI 1959. Nota sobre Micrurus surinamensis nattereri Schmidt e Micrurus pyrrhocryptus Cope. Memórias do Instituto Butantan 42/43:373-496 - get paper here
  • Kornacker,P.M. 1999. Checklist and key to the snakes of Venezuela. PaKo-Verlag, Rheinbach, Germany, 270 pp.
  • Natera-Mumaw, Marco; Luis Felipe Esqueda-González & Manuel Castelaín-Fernández 2015. Atlas Serpientes de Venezuela. Santiago de Chile, Dimacofi Negocios Avanzados S.A., 456 pp. - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Passos, P.; Fernandes, D.S. 2005. Variation and taxonomic status of the aquatic coral snake Micrurus surinamensis (Cuvier, 1817) (Serpentes: Elapidae). Zootaxa 953: 1-14 - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, K. P. 1952. The Surinam coral snake, Micrurus surinamensis. Fieldiana: Zoology 34 (4): 25-34 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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