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Micrurus silviae DI BERNARDO, BORGES-MARTINS & DA SILVA, 2007

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-Coral, Coral, Coral-Verdadeira, Cobra-Coral-do-Rio-Grande-do-Sul 
SynonymMicrurus silviae DI BERNARDO, BORGES-MARTINS & DA SILVA 2007
Micrurus silviae — WALLACH et al. 2014: 454
Micrurus silviae — GIRAUDO et al. 2015
Micrurus silviae — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay, Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

Type locality: “Passo Fundo Municipality, Miranda Stream (within the drainage basin of the Companhia Riograndense de Saneamento—CORSAN dam), in the W-NW of Rio Grande do Sul”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: CRUPF 1488, adult male; Paratypes: Rio Grande do Sul - IB 699 (M), Alegrete; MCN 4652 (M) and IB 52173 (M), Cacequí; IB 6072 (M), IB 16643 (M), IB18689 (M), and IB 23418 (F), Carazinho; IB 53080 (M), Catuípe; MCN 5155 (M), IB 11122 (M), IB 11256 (M), IB 11432 (M), IB 15758 (M), IB 16604 (M), IB 18570 (M) and IB 40194 (F), Cruz Alta; IB 7357 (M), Friedhemi; IB 7846 (F), IB 8088 (M), and IB 23621 (F), Ijuí; IB 11615 (M), Itapeví, Alegrete; ZUFSM 086 (M), ZUFSM 2173 (F), and ZUFSM 2341 (M), Manoel Viana; CRUPF 581 (M), Mato Castelhano; CRUPF 149 (M), Nicolau Vergueiro; CRUPF 194 (M), Passo Fundo; IB 13640 (M), Rosário do Sul; IB 16055 (M), Santa Bárbara do Sul; MCN 3892 (M), Santa Maria; MCP 15983, Santo Augusto (M); MCP 12164 (F), Sarandi; MCN 8187 (F), Tupanciretã. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: M. silviae differs from other Micrurus species in southern Brazil by the following characters: snout mostly black, head completely black, white gular region, triads with middle black ring 1.5 to 2 times longer than the external black rings, white rings shorter than the external black rings. The new species occurs sympatrically with M. altirostris and adds to the following known triadal species for the region: M. baliocoryphus, M. pyrrhocryptus, M. lemniscatus, and Micrurus decoratus. 
CommentSympatry: M. altirostris

Other known triadal species in the region: M. baliocoryphus, M. pyrrhocryptus, M. lemniscatus, and Micrurus decoratus.

Distribution: may reach adjacent areas of Argentina and Paraguay. See map in Nogueira et al. 2019.

Venomous! 
EtymologyNamed after Silvia Di Bernardo, a promising herpetologist who died suddenly in July 2002. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Cabral, H. & Caballero, A. 2013. CONFIRMACIÓN DE TOMODON OCELLATUS DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854 Y PRIMER EJEMPLAR DE REFERENCIA DE MICRURUS SILVIAE DI-BERNARDO, BORGES-MARTINS & SILVA, 2007 PARA PARAGUAY. Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Parag. 17 (1): 63-66
  • Cacciali, P.; D. Espínola; S.C. Viñales; I.G. Espínola; H. Cabral. 2011. Squamata, Serpentes, Micrurus silviae Di-Bernardo, Borges-Martins and Silva, 2007: Presence confirmation in Paraguay. Check List 7 (6): 809-810 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • DI-BERNARDO, MARCOS; MARCIO BORGES-MARTINS & NELSON JORGE DA SILVA, JR. 2007. A new species of coralsnake (Micrurus: Elapidae) from southern Brazil. Zootaxa 1447: 1–26 - get paper here
  • Giraudo, Alejandro R.; Santiago J. Nenda, Vanesa Arzamendia, Gisela P. Bellini & Alejandro Franzoy 2015. Nuevos datos sobre la distribución, morfología y conservación de Micrurus silviae (Serpentes: Elapidae), una serpiente coral amenazada poco conocida. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 86: 1041–1047 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Kwet, A. 2007. Neue Korallenschlange aus Südbrasilien: Micrurus silviae Terraria (8) 2 (6): 38-39.
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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