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Omanosaura cyanura (ARNOLD, 1972)

IUCN Red List - Omanosaura cyanura - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Blue-tailed Oman Lizard 
SynonymLacerta cyanura ARNOLD 1972: 116
Lacerta (Omanosaura) cyanura — LUTZ, BISCHOFF & MAYER 1986
Omanosaura cyanura — MAYER & BISCHOFF 1996
Omanosaura cyanura — VAN DER KOOIJ 2001
Omanosaura cyanura — GROSSMANN et al. 2012
Omanosaura cyanura — MENDES et al. 2018 
DistributionOman Mts. (Oman, United Arab Emirates)

Type locality: Trucial States, Wadi Shawkah, 25°06’ N, 50°03' E.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1971.1291, female 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A small species of Lacerta assignable to Part II of the genus (Arnold 1973) and differentiated from all other species by possessing a double series of carinate and bluntly spinose lamellae on the undersides of the digits. Other characters, which in combination define L. cyanura, are very slender limbs and tail, very depressed habitus, a series of strongly expanded plates under lower forelimb, large scales on the tibia, very strongly keeled caudal scales, hemipenis with well-developed armature (see Arnold 1972: 120), retracted lobes flattened and complexly folded, and micro-ornamentation of crown-shaped tubercles, and bright blue tail. L. jayakari, which is sympatric with L. cyanura, is much larger, has higher meristic counts and tubercular subdigital lamellae and a hemipenial micro-ornamentation of recurved spines.
L. cappadocica of Turkey, North Iraq and N.W. Iran has carinate toes but there is only one series of subdigital lamellae and the lower eyelid has a 'window' of transparent, black-edged scales (from Arnold 1972: 116 ff). 
CommentJuveniles have whitish-yellowish and dark longitudinal stripes and bluish tails while adults have rather uniform brownish color with blue tails and bellies.

Phylogenetics: O. cyanura is clearly split into northern and southern populations (Mendes et al. 2018).

Distribution: See map in Burriel-Carranza et al. 2019 for map in UAE. 
References
  • Arnold, E.N. 1972. Lizards with northern affinities from the mountains of Oman. Zoologische Mededelingen 47: 111-128 - get paper here
  • Arnold,E.N. 1973. Relationships of the Palaearctic lizards assigned to the genera Lacerta, Algyroides and Psammodromus (Reptilia: Lacertidae). Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool. 25: 289-366 - get paper here
  • Böhme, Wolfgang; Hendrik Hinkel & Harald Hinkel 2023. Aposematische Schwanzfärbung beim Jungtier von Adolfus africanus (boulenger, 1906) (Squamata: Lacertidae), mit Anmerkungen zur biologischen Bedeutung caudaler Signalfarben. Sauria 45 (1): 43-50
  • BOSCH, H.A.J. IN DEN & KRONIGER, M. 2008. Bemerkungen zur blauen Omaneidechse Omanosaura cyanura (ARNOLD, 1972) und deren missglückter Dauerhaltung. Die Eidechse 19 (3): 65-75. - get paper here
  • Burriel-Carranza B, Pedro Tarroso, Johannes Els, Andrew Gardner, Pritpal Soorae, Ahmed Ali Mohammed, Sai Ravi Krishna Tubati, Mohamed Mustafa Eltayeb, Junid Nazeer Shah, Héctor Tejero-Cicuéndez, Marc Simó-Riudalbas, Juan Manuel Pleguezuelos, Daniel F 2019. An integrative assessment of the diversity, phylogeny, distribution, and conservation of the terrestrial reptiles (Sauropsida, Squamata) of the United Arab Emirates. PLoS ONE 14(5): e0216273 - get paper here
  • Burriel-Carranza, B., Els, J., & Carranza, S. 2022. Reptiles & amphibians of the Hajar Mountains CSIC, Barcino Solucions Gràfiques, SL, Barcelona, - get paper here
  • Carranza S, Xipell M, Tarroso P, Gardner A, Arnold EN, Robinson MD, et al. 2018. Diversity, distribution and conservation of the terrestrial reptiles of Oman (Sauropsida, Squamata). PLoS One 13 (2): e0190389 - get paper here
  • Carranza, Salvador; Johannes Els; Bernat Burriel-Carranza 2021. A field guide to the reptiles of Oman. Madrid : Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 223 pp. [review in HR 53 (3): 531] - get paper here
  • Gardner, A.S. 2009. Mapping the terrestrial reptile distributions in Oman and the United Arab Emirates. ZooKeys 31: 165–177 - get paper here
  • Gardner, A.S. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Oman and the UAE. Edition Chimaira, 480 pp.
  • Gebhart, J. 2013. Oman, quer durch`s Weihrauchland - ein Reisetagebuch. L@CERTIDAE (Eidechsen Online) 2013 [8]: 142-159 - get paper here
  • Grossmann, W., T. Kowalski, B. M. ZWANZIG & H.-J. ZILGER 2012. Ergänzende herpetologische Beobachtungen auf dem Saiq-Plateau und im Jebel al-Akhdar, Sultanat Oman. Sauria 34 (4): 3-18 - get paper here
  • GRUBER, H.-J., U. HECKES & M. HESS 1993. Zwei neue Fundorte von Lacerta cyanura, ARNOLD 1972, im südlichen Oman-Gebirge. Die Eidechse 4 (8): 15-21 - get paper here
  • Jongbloed, M. 2000. Field Guide to the reptiles and amphibians of the UAE - Wild about reptiles. Barkers Trident Communications, 116 pp.
  • Leptien, R. 1994. Eerste kweek met de Blauwe Hagedis, Lacerta cyanura. Lacerta 53 (2): 61-64 - get paper here
  • Leptien, R. 2005. Omanosaura - die arabischen Halsbandeidechsen. Draco 5 (21): 72-75 - get paper here
  • Leptien, Rolf 1997. Omanosaura - die Eidechsen der Omanberge. DATZ 50 (12): 788-791
  • Leptien, Rolf; Böhme, Wolfgang 1994. Gefangenschafts-Erstnachzucht von Lacerta (Omanosaura ) cyanura Arnold, 1972, mit Bemerkungen zur Einbeziehung ihrer Fortpflanzungsstrategie und ihres Jugendkleides in systematische Überlegungen (Squamata: Sauria: Lacertidae)]. Herpetozoa 7 (1/2): 3-9 - get paper here
  • Lutz, D., BISCHOFF, W. & MAYER, W. 1986. Chemosystematische Untersuchungen zur Stellung von Lacerta jayakari Boulenger, 1887, sowie der Gattungen Gallotia Boulenger und Psammodromus Fitzinger (Sauria; Lacertidae). Z. zool. Syst. Evolut.forsch. 24: 144-157 - get paper here
  • Mayer, W., and Bischoff, W. 1996. Beiträge zur taxonomischen Revision der Gattung Lacerta (Reptilia: Lacertidae). Teil 1: Zootoca, Omanosaura, Timon und Teira als eigenständige Gattungen. Salamandra 32 (3): 163-170 - get paper here
  • Mendes J, Salvi D, Harris DJ, Els J, Carranza S. 2018. Hidden in the Arabian Mountains: Multilocus phylogeny reveals cryptic diversity in the endemic Omanosaura lizards. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 2018;00:1–13 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, Roberto; Alberto Venchi and Cristina Grieco 2011. The southern limit of Omanosaura lizards (Squamata: Lacertidae). Herpetology Notes 4: 171-172 - get paper here
  • van der Kooij, Jeroen 2001. The herpetofauna of the Sultanate of Oman: Part 3: The true lizards, skinks and monitor lizards. Podarcis 2 (1): 15-26 - get paper here
 
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