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Pareas carinatus WAGLER, 1830

IUCN Red List - Pareas carinatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaPareidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesPareas carinatus carinatus (WAGLER 1830)
Pareas carinatus tenasserimicus POYARKOV et al. 2022 
Common NamesE: Keeled Slug Snake
G: Gekielte Schneckennatter
Chinese: 棱鳞钝头蛇 
SynonymAmblycephalus carinatus H. BOIE in SCHLEGEL 1826: 238 (nomen nudum)
Amblycephalus carinatus BOIE in SCHLEGEL 1826: 293 (nomen nudum)
Amblycephalus carinatus BOIE in SCHLEGEL 1828: 251 (nomen nudum)
Pareas carinata — WAGLER 1830: 181
Dipsas carinata — SCHLEGEL 1837: 285
Pareas carinata — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 439
Leptognathus carinatus — JAN 1863
Amblycephalus carinatus — DE ROOIJ 1917: 277
Pareas carinatus — COCHRAN 1930
Amblycephalus carinatus carinatus — MERTENS 1930
Amblycephalus carinatus — SMEDLEY 1931: 53
Amblycephalus carinatus — KOPSTEIN 1936
Pareas carinatus — SMITH 1943
Pareas carinatus carinatus — HAAS 1950
Amblycephalus carinatus — DEUVE 1961: 30
Pareas carinatus — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 376
Pareas carinatus — COX et al. 1998: 78
Pareas carinatus carinatus — CHAN-ARD et al. 1999: 177
Pareas carinatus — SCHMIDT & KUNZ 2005: 41
Pareas carinatus carinatus — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Pareas carinatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 535
Pareas (Pareas) carinatus — POYARKOV et al. 2022 
DistributionIndonesia (Java, Lombok, Sumatra, Bali [M. Auliya, pers. comm.], Borneo),
Malaysia (Malaya and East Malaysia)
Burma (Myanmar),
Thailand, Vietnam, Laos , Cambodia, China (Yunnan)

tenasserimicus: Thailand; Type locality: Suan Phueng District, Ratchaburi Province, Thailand.

unicolor: Cambodia

Type locality: Java  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: RMNH 954C, adult male, designated by Poyarkov et al. 2022; Syntypes: RMNH 954 (pers. comm. Gernot Vogel), ZSI 8021, ZSI 8022 (Bhosale et al. 2021)
Holotype: MNHN-RA 1938.0149 [unicolor] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): The genus Pareas is morphologically characterized by having medially smooth or keeled dorsal scales in 15 rows throughout the body; the ventrals preceded by a strongly enlarged preventral, larger than the ventrals; the subcaudals divided; the absence of mental groove; suboculars are usually present; supralabials usually not touching the eye (except in P. monticola and P. stanleyi); the anterior single inframaxillary shield lacking, three pairs of inframaxillaries, the first pair distinctly elongated, posterior inframaxillaries usually as long as wide or wider than long (Grossmann & Tillack 2003). 
CommentBehavior: nocturnal.

Subspecies: Pareas carinatus unicolor (BOURRET 1934) has been moved to P. berdmorei by Poyarkov et al. 2022.

Type species: Dipsas carinata REINHARDT is the type species of the genus Pareas WAGLER 1830: 181.

Type genus: Pareas WAGLER 1830 is the type genus of the family Pareidae ROMER 1956 (not Pareatidae as sometimes used, see Savage 2015 for an explanation) and the subfamily Pareinae ROMER 1956.

Group: The carinatus complex of Pareas includes P. carinatus, nuchalis, temporalis, and menglaensis (Le et al. 2021). Le et al. 2021: 449 have a key to the members of the carinatus complex. See also Poyarkov et al. 2022.

Habitat: Snakes of the genus Pareas are mainly arboreal. This species is semi-arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).

Diet: slugs and snails; pareid snakes have more teeth on the right mandible than on the left for functional specialization in feeding on the dextral majority of land snails (Hoso 2017).

Synonymy: Kaiser et al. 2013 rejected the (sub-) generic names Dannyleeus Hoser 2012, Katrinahoserserpenea Hoser 2012 invalid and rejected their use instead of Pareas.

Distribution: Reported sometimes from, but not listed for Borneo by Stuebing et al. 2014. For a map of the P. hamptoni species complex see Ding et al. 2020: 180 (Fig. 1).

Key: Vogel et al. 2021 provide a key to the Pareas slug snakes of Myanmar. Quah et al. 2021 provide a key to the species of Pareidae of Borneo. Poyarkov et al. 2022: 28 present a key to the genera and subgenera of Pareinae. 
EtymologyThe species name “carinatus” is a Latin adjective in nominative singular, masculine gender, derived from “carina” for a “keel of a ship”, and is given in reference to the keeled dorsal scales in this species (Poyarkov et al. 2022).

The genus name is a latinized noun in masculine gender derived from the Greek noun “pareias” (πaρείaς), a name of a mythological snake dedicated to Asclepius, and which was believed to be non-venomous and create a furrow anytime it moves (Poyarkov et al. 2022). 
References
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