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Porthidium yucatanicum (SMITH, 1941)

IUCN Red List - Porthidium yucatanicum - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Yucatán Hognose Viper
S: Chac-can 
SynonymTrimeresurus yucatanicus SMITH 1941: 62
Bothrops yucatanicus SMITH 1941
Bothrops yucatanica — VILLA et al. 1988
Porthidium yucatanicum — LINER 1994
Porthidium yucatannicus — WELCH 1994: 101
Porthidium yucatanicum — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 324
Porthidium yucatanicum — LEE 2000: 372
Porthidium yucatanicum — WALLACH et al. 2014: 578 
DistributionMexico (northern half of the Yucatan peninsula, Campeche, Quintana Roo), Belize

Type locality: "Chichen Itza, Yucatan" [Mexico].  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: USNM 46571, Collected by Nelson & Goldman, February 6, 1901.
Paratypes: (n=2) FMNH 504 from Yucatan and 20621 from Chichen Itza, Yucatan. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: “Snout turned up in front; rostral no more than one and one-half times as high as wide; scale rows 21 posteriorly; two lower preoculars subequal, both excluded from orbit; two large scutes on top of head bordering internasals and canthals, nearly meeting medially; loreal square; caudals 32 to 41 in females; bands on body single.” (Smith 1941) 
CommentVenomous!

Habitat: terrestrial

Distribution: see Gray 2022 for a map with localities. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L 2021. Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153 - get paper here
  • Calderon, R.; Cedeño-Vázquez, J.R. & Pozo, C. 2003. New distributional records for amphibians and reptiles from Campeche, Mexico. Herpetological Review 34 (3): 269-272 - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • González-Sánchez, V. H., J. D. Johnson, E. García-Padilla, V. Mata-Silva, D. L. DeSantis and L. D. Wilson. 2017. The Herpetofauna of the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(2): 264–380 - get paper here
  • GRAY, RUSSELL J. 2022. Settling the score: notes on the 60-year literature debate of Porthidium yucatanicum (Smith, 1941) distribution. Herpetology Notes 15: 387–389. - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Lee, J. C. 2000. A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of the Maya world. Cornell University Press, Ithaca,
  • Lee, J.C. 1996. The amphibians and reptiles of the Yucatán Peninsula. Comstock, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 500 pp.
  • MCCRANIE, J.R. 2001. Benque Viejo and Porthidium yucatanicum (Squamata: Viperidae) in Belize. Carib. J. Sci. 37 (3-4): 284-285
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Ortiz-Medina, J. A., Cabrera-Cen , D. I., Nahuat-Cervera, P. E. and Chable-Santos, J. B. 2020. New distributional records for the herpetofauna of Campeche and Yucatan, Mexico. Herpetological Review 51: 83-87. - get paper here
  • ORTIZ-MEDINA, JAVIER A.; MARCOS S. MENESES-MILLÁN & J. ROGELIO CEDEÑO-VÁZQUEZ. 2022. PORTHIDIUM YUCATANICUM (Yucatán Hog nosed Pitviper). DIET. Herpetological Review 53 (1): 156–157.
  • Smith, H.M. 1941. Notes on Mexican snakes of the genus Trimeresurus. Zoologica 26: 61-64. - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1944. Additions to the list of Mexican amphibians and reptiles in the Carnegie Museum. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 30: 87-92
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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