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Sceloporus grammicus WIEGMANN, 1828

IUCN Red List - Sceloporus grammicus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaPhrynosomatidae, Sceloporinae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesSceloporus grammicus disparilis STEJNEGER 1916
Sceloporus grammicus grammicus WIEGMANN 1828
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus WIEGMANN 1834
Sceloporus grammicus tamaulipensis SITES & DIXON 1981 
Common NamesE: Graphic Spiny Lizard
S: Lagartija de Arbol del Sur
E: (Northern) Mesquite Lizard, Northern Plateau Graphic Lizard [microlepidotus]
S: Lagarto de Mesquite [microlepidotus]
E: Mezquite Graphic Lizard [disparilis]
S: Lagartija de Arbol del Noreste [disparilis]
E: Tamaulipas Graphic Lizard, Sierra de Tamaulipas Graphic Lizard [tamaulipensis]
S: Lagartija de Arbol de Tamaulipas [tamaulipensis] 
SynonymSceloporus grammicus WIEGMANN 1828: 370
Sceloporus pleurostictus WIEGMANN 1828: 370
Tropidurus grammicus — WAGLER 1830
Tropidolepis pleurostictus — GRAY in CUVIER 1831
Tropidolepis grammicus — GRAY in CUVIER 1831
Tropidolepis grammicus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 306
Tropidolepis Grammicus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 270
Sceloporus grammicus — BOULENGER 1885: 231
Sceloporus grammicus — SMITH 1939: 179
Sceloporus grammicus grammicus — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 119
Sceloporus grammicus — LINER 1994
Sceloporus grammicus — LARA-GÓNGORO 2004: 25
Sceloporus gramicus — OCHOA-OCHOA & FLORES-VILLELA 2006 (in error)
Sceloporus grammicus — WIENS et a. 2010
Sceloporus grammicus — SÁNCHEZ-RIVERA et al. 2022
Sceloporus grammicus — HEIMES 2022

Sceloporus grammicus disparilis STEJNEGER 1916
Sceloporus disparilis STEJNEGER 1916: 227
Sceloporus microlepidotus disparilis — DUNN 1936: 472
Sceloporus microlepidotus microlepidotus — DUNN 1936: 472
Sceloporus pilsbryi DUNN 1936: 473
Sceloporus microlepidotus disparilis — GLOYD 1942
Sceloporus microlepidotus disparilis — SCHMIDT & OWENS 1944
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — SMITH & LAUFE 1945: 332
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — SMITH 1946
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 120
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — TAYLOR 1952
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — WILLIAMS et al. 1960
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — VAN DEVENDER & LOWE 1977
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — LARA-GONGORA 1986
Sceloporus grammicus disparilis — TANNER 1987
Sceloporus disparilis — BELL et al. 2003
Sceloporus disparilis — LARA-GÓNGORO 2004: 25

Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus WIEGMANN 1834
Sceloporus microlepidotus WIEGMANN 1834: 370
Tropidolepis microlepidotus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 308
Tropidolepis Microlepidotus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 270
Sceloporus microlepidotus — BOULENGER 1885: 232
Sceloporus rubriventris GÜNTHER 1890 (fide BELL et al. 2003)
Sceloporus microlepidotus microlepidotus — SMITH 1939: 184 (part.)
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus — SMITH & LAUFE 1945: 332
Sceloporus dispar BAIRD & GIRARD 1852: 127 (fide SMITH & LAUFE 1945)
Sceloporus heterurus COPE 1867: 322
Sceloporus microlepidopterus — HERRERA 1890: 331 (error typographicus)
Sceloporus microlepis — BOULENGER 1894: 731 (error typographicus)
Sceloporus microlepidotus microlepidotus — DUNN 1936: 472
Sceloporus microlepidotus microlepidotus — SCHMIDT 1947
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 120
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 104
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus — BELL et al. 2003
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus — CASTRO-FRANCO & BUSTOS-ZAGAL 2003
Sceloporus microlepidotus — LARA-GÓNGORO 2004: 25
Sceloporus microlepidotus — ARÉCHAGA-OCAMPO et al. 2008
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Sceloporus microlepidotus — ROTH-MONZÓN et al. 2018
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus — ILLESCAS-APARICIO et al. 2016

Sceloporus grammicus tamaulipensis SITES & DIXON 1981
Sceloporus grammicus tamaulipensis — BELL et al. 2003
Sceloporus tamaulipensis — LARA-GÓNGORO 2004: 25 
DistributionUSA (S Texas),
Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Zacatecas, Coahuila, San Luis Potosi, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Quéretaro, Aguascalientes, Nayarit, Colima)

microlepidotus (partly fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950): Mexico (Jalisco, N Guanajuato, N Hidalgo, Colima, Distrito Federal, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz, México, Morelos, Tlaxcala, Michoacán), USA (Texas); Type locality: Mexico. Restricted to México, Distrito Federal, by SMITH & TAYLOR 1950.

disparilis (fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950): Mexico (N Hidalgo, Guanajuato, S Zacatecas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas), USA (S Texas). Type locality: Lomita Ranch, 6 miles north of Hidalgo, Texas.

heterurus: Type Locality: Mirador, Veracruz, Mexico.

pilsbryi: Type Locality: Alvarez, 7500 ft (elevation), San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

pleurostictus: Type locality: "Mexico", restricted to Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico, by Smith and Taylor (1950).

rubriventris: Type Locality: Omilteme {= Omiltemi), Guerrero, Mexico.

Type Locality: In oak forest 4.3 rd km S Hacienda Acuña, and 45.3 rd km N Gonzales in the Sierra de Tamaulipas, in southern Tamaulipas, Mexico.

tamaulipensis: Type locality: Mexico. Restricted to Chilpancingo, Guerrero, by SMITH & TAYLOR 1950.  
Reproductionviviparous (ovoviviparous); all species of the grammicus group are ovovivparous. 
TypesSyntypes: ZMB 641-643, collected by F. Deppe.
Holotype: USNM 33041, collected by William Lloyd, 17 June 1891 [disparilis]
Holotype: USNM 25064, Probably, given incorrectly in original description as USNM 6589, collected by Charles Sartorius (Cochran, 1961) [heterurus]
Holotype: ANSP 20085, collected in 1934 by Henry A. Pilsbry, Frances W. Pennell and Cyril H. Harvey [pilsbryi]
Type: ZMB (Presumably, but not listed in Taylor, 1969), Ferdinand Deppe collector [pleurostictus]
Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.10.23-24, formerly 1889.11.13.54-55, collected by F. D. Godman [rubriventris]
Holotype: TCWC 57386, collected 23 July 1979 by J. W. Sites, Jr., and J. R. Dixon [tamaulipensis]
Holotype: ZMB [microlepidotus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Smith 1939: 179 
CommentSynonymy: Sceloporus grammicus disparilis has been synonymized with Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus by SITES & DIXON 1981. This species shows extreme karyotypic variation, both inter- and intrapopulational (Sites 1983). Synonymy partly after SMITH & TAYLOR 1950, who also mention intergrades between grammicus grammicus and grammicus microlepidotus from Cerro Sàn Felipe and Cerro San Juan north of Oaxaca City. Sceloporus rubriventris GÜNTHER 1890 has been placed in the synonymy of S. grammicus by SMITH & TAYLOR 1950.

Because of the isolation of the tamaulipensis population BELL et al. (2003) suggested that it should be regarded as a species. 
EtymologyNamed after the Greek adjective gramma, meaning script, or graphic, referring to the lines that cross the gray back. This is one of the most characteristic features of this group.

dispar: The Latin noun dispar means "unlike," or "different", referring to the dorsal scales, which were much smaller than the tail scales.

disparilis: The Latin dispar "unlike," or "different," and -ilis, "having the quality of," refer to the distinctive color and nature of this species.

microlepidotus: The Greek micro-, "small," and lepidos, "scale," refer to the small dorsal body scales.

pilsbryi: This Latin noun in the genitive singular honors Henry A. Pilsbry, an outstanding conchologist at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

pleurostictus: The Greek pleura, "side," and stiktos, "spotted" refer to the scattered dark spots on sides of body.

rubriventris: The Latin nouns rubra, "red," venter, "belly," and the Greek suffix -tris, "agent," refer to the orange throat and parallel orange lines on the venter.

tamaulipensis: The name is derived from the name of the Sierra de Tamaulipas, and -ensis, a possessive suffix. 
References
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