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Trilepida acutirostris PINTO & CURCIO, 2011

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Higher TaxaLeptotyphlopidae, Epictinae, Epictini, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-Cega 
SynonymSiagonodon acutirostris PINTO & CURCIO 2011
Siagonodon acutirostris — WALLACH et al. 2014: 665
Siagonodon acutirostris — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Trilepida acutirostris — MARTINS et al. 2023 
DistributionBrazil (Tocantins)

Type locality: Brazil, Tocantins, municipality of Almas, 11°31’ 00’’S, 47°09’00’’W, ca. 397 m elevation.  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: UNB 35648 (also as CHUNB) (Fig. 5–6), adult female, 22 February 2004, unknown collector. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. Siagonodon acutirostris is distinguished from all Neotropical leptotyphlopids by the following unique com- bination of characters: snout slightly acuminate in lateral and ventral views; absence of supraocular scale; middorsal cephalic plates distinctively enlarged; ocular scale subhep- tagonal, dorsal apex acuminate and anterior border straight, roughly vertical at eye level; first and second supralabial scales not reaching eye level; two supralabials (1+1); fused caudals absent (Fig. 1B); temporal scale not distinct; rostral subcircular in dorsal view; middorsal scales 169–183; midventral scales 161–173; subcaudal scales 9–11; 12 scales around the middle of the tail; dorsum uniformly pale copper on five dorsal scale rows, contrasting with the whitish cream tonality covering nine scale rows of venter, and thereby reaching the paraventral region of trunk [PINTO & CURCIO 2011]. 
CommentDistribution: see Martins et al. 2020: 852 (Fig. 12) for a map of all 4 Siagonodon species, the sister clade of Habrophallos. See map in Nogueira et al. 2019. 
EtymologyThe specific epithet acutirostris derives from the union of the Latin adjective acutus (= pointed) with the substantive rostrum (= beak, snout). This name is given in allusion to the slightly acuminate shape of the snout exhibited by the new species. 
References
  • Francisco, Bárbara C. S.; Roberta R. Pinto, and Daniel S. Fernandes 2018. Taxonomic Notes on the Genus Siagonodon Peters, 1881, with a Report on Morphological Variation in Siagonodon cupinensis (Bailey and Carvalho, 1946) (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Copeia 106 (2): 321-328 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Martins A, Folly M, Ferreira GN, Garcia da Silva AS, Koch C, Fouquet A, Machado A, Lopes RT, Pinto R, Rodrigues MT, Passos P 2023. An evolutionary paradox on threadsnakes: Phenotypic and molecular evidence reveal a new and remarkably polymorphic species of Siagonodon (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae: Epictinae) from Amazonia. Vertebrate Zoology 73: 345–366 - get paper here
  • Martins AR, Koch C, Pinto R, Folly M, Fouquet A, Passos P. 2019. From the inside out: Discovery of a new genus of threadsnakes based on anatomical and molecular data, with discussion of the leptotyphlopid hemipenial morphology. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Rersearch - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Pinto, Roberta R and Felipe F Curcio 2011. On the Generic Identity of Siagonodon brasiliensis, with the Description of a New Leptotyphlopid from Central Brazil (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Copeia 2011 (1): 53-63.
  • RECODER, R.S.,TEIXEIRA JUNIOR, M., CAMACHO, A., NUNES, P.M.S., MOTT, T., VALDUJO, P.H., GHELLERE, J.M., NOGUEIRA, C. & RODRIGUES, M.T. 2011. Reptiles of Serra Geral do Tocantins Ecological Station, Central Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 11(1): - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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