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Varanus rudicollis (GRAY, 1845)

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Higher TaxaVaranidae, Platynota, Varanoidea, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Roughneck Monitor
G: Rauhnackenwaran
Italian: Varano dal collo ruvido 
SynonymUaranus [sic] rudicollis GRAY 1845: 10
Varanus rudicollis — BOULENGER 1885: 313
Varanus rudicollis — DE ROOIJ 1915: 144
Varanus scutigerulus BARBOUR 1932 (fide TAYLOR 1963)
Varanus (Varanus) salvator scutigerulus — MERTENS 1942: 259
Varanus (Dendrovaranus) rudicollis — MERTENS 1942: 360
Varanus rudicollis — MERTENS 1950: 6
Varanus swarti MANGILI 1962: 30 (fide MERTENS 1964)
Varanus rudicollis — TAYLOR 1963: 915
Varanus rudicollis — DE LISLE 1996: 133
Varanus rudicollis — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 291
Varanus (Empagusia) rudicollis — ZIEGLER & BÖHME 1997
Varanus rudicollis — GRISMER 2011
Varanus (Empagusia) rudicollis — KOCH et al. 2013
Varanus (Empagusia) rudicollis — BUCKLITSCH et al. 2016: 50 
DistributionS Burma (= Myanmar), S Thailand, W Malaysia (incl. Penang), Rhio Archipelago, Indonesia (Sumatra, Bangka, Borneo), Philippines ?

Type locality: Philippines (in error)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1842.2.15.239
Holotype: MCZ 32264 [scutigerulus] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1016 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: Mertens 1950 synonymized Varanus scutigerulus with V. rudicollis. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin rudis, rough, wild; coarse + Latin colli, neck; throat 
References
  • Amer, Sayed A. M. and Yoshinori Kumazawa 2008. Timing of a mtDNA gene rearrangement and intercontinental dispersal of varanid lizards. Genes Genet. Syst. 83: 275–280 - get paper here
  • Auliya, M. 2006. Taxonomy, Life History, and conservation of giant reptiles in west Kalimantan. Natur und Tier Verlag, Münster, 432 pp. - get paper here
  • Ávalos, J. de & Martínez Carrión, P. 1997. Warane. Reptilia (Münster) 2 (5): 16-21 - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1932. A new Bornean monitor. Proc. New England zool. Club 13: 1-2
  • Bayless, Mark K. 1997. The rough-neck Monitor lizard (Varanus rudicollis). Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 32 (12): 250-252 - get paper here
  • Bennett, Daniel 1993. A review of some literature concerning the rough-necked monitor lizard Varanus rudicollis. Reptilian 1 (9): 7-10
  • Bennett, Daniel; Liat, Lim Boo 1995. A note on the distribution of Varanus dumerilii and V. rudicollis in Peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal 49 (2):113-116.
  • Bochaton, Corentin; Martin Ivanov and Julien Claude 2019. Osteological criteria for the specific identification of Monitor lizards (Varanus Merrem, 1820) remains in subfossil deposits of Sundaland and continental Southeast Asia. Amphibia-Reptilia 40 (2): 219–232 - get paper here
  • Böhme,W. 2003. Checklist of the living monitor lizards of the world (family Varanidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen 341: 6-43 - get paper here
  • Bong Heang, Kiew 1987. An annotated checklist of the herpetofauna of Ulu Endau, Johore, Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal 41 (2-3): 413-423.
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • BUCKLITSCH, YANNICK; WOLFGANG BÖHME, ANDRÉ KOCH 2016. Scale Morphology and Micro-Structure of Monitor Lizards (Squamata: Varanidae: Varanus spp.) and their Allies: Implications for Systematics, Ecology, and Conservation. . Zootaxa 4153 (1): 001–192 - get paper here
  • Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here
  • Cooper, Taylor; Amanda Liew, Gabriel Andrle, Elisabeth Cafritz, Hannah Dallas, Trent Niesen, Emily Slater, Joseph Stockert, Taylor Vold, Michael Young & Joseph Mendelson 2019. Latency in Problem Solving as Evidence for Learning in Varanid and Helodermatid Lizards, with Comments on Foraging Techniques. Copeia 107 (1): 78-84 - get paper here
  • Das , I. 2004. Lizards of Borneo. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, Borneo
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Gaulke, Maren 1991. Systematic relationships of the Philippine water monitors as compared with Varanus s. salvator, with a discussion of dispersal routes. Mertensiella 2: 154-167
  • Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp. - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; & EVAN S. H. QUAH 2019. An updated and annotated checklist of the lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and their adjacent archipelagos. Zootaxa 4545 (2): 230–248 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee; Chan K. Onn, Jesse L. Grismer, Perry L. Wood, Jr., and A. Norhayati 2010. A CHECKLIST OF THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE BANJARAN BINTANG, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (2): 147-160 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and their adjacent archipelagos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 728 pp. [review in Herp. Rev. 43: 155] - get paper here
  • HAMANAKA, K; T. KURITA, K. ETO, T. MORIKAWA, E. Q. DEKA, N. ATIRA ALAUDIN, M. M. AGOH, I. FUKUYAMA, T. TOKUYAMA, T. HINO, R. FUKUYAMA, K. FUJISHIMA, T. IJICHI, K. NISHIKAWA, R. ZAINUDIN and M.Y. HOSSMAN 2019. An update of herpetofauna in Bako National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia with a critical review Malayan Nature Journal 71(2), 163-173 - get paper here
  • Hamilton, R. 2012. First Record of the Rough-necked Monitor Varanus rudicollis from Penang, Malaysia. Biawak 6 (2): 78 - get paper here
  • Horn,H.G. & Peters, G. 1982. Beiträge zur Biologie des Rauhnackenwarans, Varanus (Dendrovaranus) rudicollis Gray. Salamandra 18 (1-2): 29-40 - get paper here
  • Iannucci, Alessio; Marie Altmanová, Claudio Ciofi, Malcolm Ferguson-Smith, Massimo Milan, Jorge Claudio Pereira, James Pether, Ivan Rehák, Michail Rovatsos, Roscoe Stanyon, Petr Velenský, Petr Ráb, Lukáš Kratochvíl & Martina Johnson Pokorná 2019. Conserved sex chromosomes and karyotype evolution in monitor lizards (Varanidae). Heredity 123, 215–227 - get paper here
  • Koch A, Ziegler T, Böhme W, Arida E, Auliya M. 2013. Pressing Problems: Distribution, Threats, and Conservation Status of the Monitor Lizards (Varanidae: Varanus spp.) of Southeast Asia and the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Herp. Cons. Biol. 8 (Monograph 3): 1 − 62. - get paper here
  • Lisle, H.F. de 1996. Natural History of Monitor Lizards. Krieger, Malabar (Florida)
  • MANGILI 1962. . Giard. zool. Roma, 4: 30
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. (ISBN 3-931587-12-6) - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1950. Notes on some Indo-Australian monitors (Sauria, Varanidae). American Museum Novitates 1456: 1-7 - get paper here
  • Pianka, E. R. and D. R. King, eds. 2004. Varanoid Lizards of the World. Indiana University Press, 599 pp - get paper here
  • Pianka, Eric R. 2012. Can humans share spaceship earth? Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 6 (1): 1-24 - get paper here
  • Rese, R. 1988. Beitrag zur Lebenserwartung von Grosswaranen in Gefangenschaft. Sauria 10 (1): 25-26 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1922. The lizards of the Philippine Islands. Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bureau of Science, Government of the Philippine Islands, Manila, Publication no. 17: 269 pp. - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1963. The lizards of Thailand. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 44: 687-1077. - get paper here
  • TEYNIÉ, ALEXANDRE; PATRICK DAVID, & ANNEMARIE OHLER 2010. Note on a collection of Amphibians and Reptiles from Western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo. Zootaxa 2416: 1–43 - get paper here
  • Werner, F. 1900. Reptilien und Batrachier aus Sumatra, gesammelt Herrn. Gustav Schneider jr., im Jahre 1897-1898. Zool. Jahrb. (syst) 13: 479-508 - get paper here
  • Ziegler, Thomas; Böhme, Wolfgang 1997. Genitalstrukturen und Paarungsbiologie bei squamaten Reptilien, speziell den Platynota, mit Bemerkungen zur Systematik. Mertensiella 8: 1-207
  • Zug, G.R. & Mulcahy, D.G. 2019. Identification guide Amphibians and reptiles of South Tanintharyi. Fauna & Flora International, 101 pp.
 
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