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Xenodon pulcher (JAN, 1863)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesG: Falsche Korallenschlange, Dreifarben-Hakennasennatter
Portuguese: Achatadeira, Boipeva 
SynonymHeterodon pulcher JAN 1863: 222
Lystrophis semicinctus BOULENGER 1894 (part.)
Lystrophis pulcher — SCROCCHI & CRUZ 1993
Lystrophis pulcher — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 25
Lystrophis pulcher — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 107
Xenodon pulcher — ZAHER et al. 2009
Lystrophis pulcher — WALLACH et al. 2014: 407
Xenodon pulcher — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionSW Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), E Bolivia, S Paraguay,
Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, Tucuman, Santiago del Estero, Formosa, Chaco, Cordoba, San Luis, Entre Rios, Corrientes)

Type locality: Bolivia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost, formerly MSNM (Milano), destroyed in 1943 during World War II. 
Diagnosis 
CommentMimics the sympatric species Micrurus pyrrhocryptus tricolor (in Paraguay).

Variation: Trutnau (2005) described melanistic specimens which have only weak white bands. See also photos in Winchell (2010).

Similar species: X. matogrossensis (see photos in Cabral et al. 2015). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “pulcher” = beautiful, handsome, fine, fair. 
References
  • Cabral, Hugo; Liliana Piatti, Franco Leandro de Souza, Gustavo Scrocchi, Vanda Lúcia Ferreira 2015. Xenodon pulcher (Jan, 1863) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) first record for Brazil and a distribution extension. Herpetology Notes 8: 361-364 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Hutwalker, A. 2009. Die gebänderten Hakennasennattern der Gattung Lystrophis. Reptilia (Münster) 14 (77): 52-57 - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1863. Enumerazione sistematica degli ofidi appartenenti al gruppo Coronellidae. Arch. Zool. Anat. Fisiol. 2 (2): 213-330 [1862] - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1865. Iconographie générale des ophidiens. 11. Livraison. J.B. Bailière et Fils, Paris - get paper here
  • Kacoliris F.P.; Berkunsky I. & Williams J. 2006. Herpetofauna of Impenetrable, Argentinean Great Chaco. Phyllomedusa 5 (2): 149-158 - get paper here
  • Leynaud, Gerardo C. and Enrique H. Bucher 1999. La fauna de serpientes del Chaco Sudamericano: diversidad, distribución geografica y estado de conservación. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Miscelanea (98):1-46
  • Love, B. 2018. Western Herp Perspectives: Paraguay. Reptilia 23 (131): 58-59
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Oliveira, J. S., Santana, D. J., Pantoja, D. L., Ceron, K., & Guedes, T. B. 2024. Climate change in open environments: Revisiting the current distribution to understand and safeguard the future of psammophilous squamates of the Diagonal of Open Formations of South America. Journal of Arid Environments, 220, 105117 - get paper here
  • Scrocchi G J. Cruz F B. 1993. Description of a new species of the genus Lystrophis Cope and a revalidation of Lystrophis pulcher (Jan, 1863), (Serpentes; Colubridae). Pap. Avul. Zool., Sao Paulo 38 (10): 171-185. - get paper here
  • Scrocchi, G.;Cruz, F. 1994. Descripción de una nueva especies de Lystrophis Cope y revalidación de Lystrophis pulcher (Jan, 1863) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Bol. Asoc. Herp. Argentina 10 (1): 47-48
  • Scrocchi, G.J.; Moreta, J.C. & Kretzschmar, S. 2006. Serpientes del Noroeste Argento [Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero]. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, 178 pp.
  • Trutnau, L. 2005. Einige Bemerkungen zur Naturgeschichte, Pflege und Nachzucht der “Falschen Korallenschlange’ Lystrophis pulcher (JAN 1863). Herpetofauna 25 (142): 25-35 [2003/2004] - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Winchell, S. 2010. Die Reptilien Argentiniens. Reptilia (Münster) 15 (83): 20-27 - get paper here
  • Zaher, Hussam; Grazziotin, Felipe Gobbi; Cadle, John E.; Murphy, Robert W.; Moura-Leite, Julio Cesar de; Bonatto, Sandro L 2009. Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa. Pap. Avulsos Zool. (São Paulo) 49 (11): 115-153 - get paper here
 
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