Aipysurus fuscus (TSCHUDI, 1837)

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Higher Taxa	Elapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Dusky Seasnake, Timor Reef Snake G: Riff Seeschlange
Synonym	Stephanohydra fusca TSCHUDI 1837: 335 Aipysurus fuscus — FISCHER 1856: 33 Aipysurus fuscus — COGGER 1983: 243 Aipysurus fuscus — COGGER 2000: 702 Aipysurus fuscus — WILSON & SWAN 2010 Aipysurus fuscus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 22
Distribution	E Indonesia (Timor), Papua New Guinea Australia (Western Australia, Ashmore Reef) Type locality: Asia (from Celebes, fide Smith 1926)
Reproduction	ovovivparous
Types	Holotype: ZMB 2824, from Asia (from Celebes, fide Smith (1926), who also erroneously referred to an Ashmore Reef specimen as the type).
Diagnosis
Comment	Venomous! Habitat: marine. Hybridization: A. laevis hybridizes with A. fuscus (Sanders et al. 2014) Abundance: Rare. This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024.
Etymology	Named after Latin “fuscus”, meaning dark or dusky.
References	Cogger, H. G. 1975. The sea snakes of Australia and New Guinea. pp. 59-139 in Dunson, W. (ed. ) The Biology of Sea Snakes. Baltimore: University Park Press Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp. Fischer, J.G. 1856. Die Familie der Seeschlangen. Abhandl. Nat. Ver. Hamburg 3: 1-78 - get paper here Kharin, V. E. 1981. A review of sea snakes of the genus Aipysurus (Serpentes, Hydrophiidae). Zoological Zhurnal 60 (2): 257-264 Kharin, V.E.; Cheblyukov, V.P. 2006. On a new record of a poorly known and rare sea snake Aipysurus tenuis Lönnberg et Andersson, 1913 (Serpentes: Hydrophiidae) in the waters of Australia. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 32 (3): 194-197. - get paper here Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here RASMUSSEN, ARNE REDSTED; KATE LAURA SANDERS, MICHAEL L. GUINEA & ANDREW P. AMEY 2014. Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae)—a review with an updated identification key. Zootaxa 3869 (4): 351–371 - get paper here Sanders, K.L., Rasmussen, A.R., Guinea, M.L. 2014. High rates of hybridisation reveal fragile reproductive barriers between endangered Australian sea snakes. Biological Conservation 171: 200 - 208 - get paper here Shine R, Shine TG, Brown GP, Udyawer V. 2023. Sexual dimorphism in aipysurine sea snakes (Elapidae, Hydrophiinae). R. Soc. Open Sci. 10: 231261 - get paper here Shine, Richard; Claire Goiran, Catherine Shilton, Shai Meiri, Gregory P Brown 2019. The life aquatic: an association between habitat type and skin thickness in snakes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, blz136 - get paper here Smith, M. A. 1926. Monograph on the Sea Snakes. (Hydrophiidae). London: British Museum, xvii + 130 pp. Tschudi, J J. 1837. Neues Genus von Wasserschlangen. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 3: 331-335 - get paper here Udyawer, V., Oxenham, K., Hourston, M., & Heupel, M. 2021. Distribution, fisheries interactions and assessment of threats to Australia’s sea snakes. Report to the National Environmental Science Program, Marine Biodiversity Hub. - get paper here Udyawer, Vinay; Ruchira Somaweera, Charlotte Nitschke, Blanche d’Anastasi, Kate Sanders, Bruce L. Webber, Mathew Hourston, Michelle R. Heupel 2020. Prioritising search effort to locate previously unknown populations of endangered marine reptiles. Glob. Ecol. Conserv. 22: e01013 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.amonline.net.au/herpetology/research/pdf/hydrophiidae.pdf http://www.arod.com.au/arod/reptilia/Squamata/Hydrophiidae/Aipysurus/fuscus https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/reptiliaweb/FichaEspecie/Alopoglossus%20copii http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7B56967F-7B9F-4C50-B59F… Google images

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