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Amphisbaena silvestrii BOULENGER, 1902

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Higher TaxaAmphisbaenidae, Amphisbaenia, Lacertoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Silvestri's Worm Lizard
Portuguese: Cobra-de-Duas-Cabeças-Cuiabana 
SynonymAmphisbaena silvestrii BOULENGER 1902
Amphisbaena silvestrii — DIRKSEN & DE LA RIVA 2000
Amphisbaena silvestrii — GANS 2005: 19 
DistributionBrazil (Mato Grosso), Bolivia (Santa Cruz)

Type locality: Brazil; Mato Grosso, Cuyaba (= Cuiaba) (15°36’S, 56°05’W).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MSNG 28308 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A form of Amphisbaena with the postrostral head shields paired, the midventral segments of each annulus broadened to twice their length and with a single pair of round precloacal pores. Specimens have 179 to 181 body annuli; 20 to 21 caudal annuli; an autotomy constriction at the 4th and 6th postcloacal annulus; 10 to 12 dorsal and 10 to 12 ventral segments to a midbody annulus; and 4 precloacal segments. Most of each animal is colored a dark brown set off by a lighter edge around each segment, the width of the edge becoming greater ventrally. The intersegmental raphes are light. The dark color drops out by segments along the chin, cloacal region, and the anterior portion of the ventral surface (Gans 1962). 
CommentDistribution: map in HOOGMOED & AVILA-PIRES 1991. Partly sympatric with A. vermicularis.

Morphology: This species is one of ~20 species of Amphisbaena with two precloacal pores (Ribeiro et al. 2019). 
EtymologyNamed after Professor Dr. Filippo Silvestri (1873-1949), zoologist and entomologist. 
References
  • Angiolani-Larrea, F., de Fraga, R., Mortati, A., & Ribeiro, S. 2021. Sex-dependent divergence in asymmetrical reproductive tract morphology between two closely-related amphisbaenian species (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 42 (3): 317–330 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1902. Descriptions of new fishes and reptiles discovered by Dr. F. Silvestri in South America. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 9 (52): 284-288 - get paper here
  • Cassel, Mônica; Karla K. N. Calcanhoto, Mahmoud Mehanna, Michel Montezol, Adelina Ferreira and Tamí Mott 2017. Spermatogenesis of Amphisbaena silvestrii (Boulenger, 1902): First Report for Amphisbaenidae. Journal of Herpetology 51 (1): 109–113 - get paper here
  • Costa HC, Welton LJ, Hallermann J 2018. An updated diagnosis of the rare Amphisbaena slateri Boulenger, 1907, based on additional specimens (Squamata, Amphisbaenia, Amphisbaenidae). Evolutionary Systematics 2(2): 125-135 - get paper here
  • Dirksen, L. & De la Riva, I. 1999. The lizards and amphisbaenians of Bolivia (Reptilia, Squamata): checklist, localities, and bibliography. Graellsia 55: 199-215 - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 1962. Notes on amphisbaenids (Amphisbaenia, Reptilia). 3. Redefinition and redescription of the Brasilian reptiles Amphisbaena silvestrii Boulenger and A. neglecta Dunn and Piatt Copeia 1962 (1): 164-170. - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 1962. Redefinition and description of the Brazilian reptiles Amphisbaena silvestrii Boulenger and A. neglecta Dunn and Piatt. Copeia 1962 (1): 164-170 - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 1964. New records of Amphisbaena silvestrii Boulenger, and the description of a new two-pored species from the northern Chaco (Amphisbaenia: Reptilia). [Notes on amphisbaenids 14 (not 12)]. Copeia 1964 (3): 553-561. - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 2005. CHECKLIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE AMPHISBAENIA OF THE WORLD. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 289: 1-130 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Hoogmoed M.S.; de Avila-Pires T C S 1991. A new species of small Amphisbaena (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae) from western Amazonian Brazil. BOLETIM DO MUSEU PARAENSE EMILIO GOELDI SERIE ZOOLOGIA 7 (1): 77-94
  • PINNA, PEDRO H.; ANDRÉ F. MENDONÇA; ADRIANA BOCCHIGLIERI & DANIEL S. FERNANDES 2010. A new two-pored Amphisbaena Linnaeus from the endangered Brazilian Cerrado biome (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae). Zootaxa 2569: 44–54 - get paper here
  • RIBEIRO, SÍRIA; JERRIANE O. GOMES, HELDER LÚCIO RODRIGUES DA SILVA, CARLOS EDUARDO D. CINTRA, NELSON JORGE DA SILVA JR. 2016. A new two-pored species of Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado, with a key to the two-pored species of Amphisbaena. Zootaxa 4147 (2): 124–142 - get paper here
  • RIBEIRO, SÍRIA; VÂNIA SÁ, ALFREDO P. SANTOS-JR, ROBERTA GRABOSKI, HUSSAM ZAHER, ANDREI G. GUEDES, SHEILA P. ANDRADE, WILIAN VAZ-SILVA 2019. A new species of the Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado with a key for the two-pored species. Zootaxa 4550 (3): 301–320 - get paper here
  • Strussmann, Christine & Tami Mott 2009. Sympatric amphisbaenids from Manso Dam region, Mato Grosso State, Western Brazil, with the description of a new two-pored species of Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 44 (1): 37 – 46 - get paper here
  • Teixeira, Mauro; Francisco Dal Vechio, Antonio Mollo Neto, and Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues 2014. A New Two-Pored Amphisbaena Linnaeus, 1758, from Western Amazonia, Brazil (Amphisbaenia: Reptilia). South American J. Herp. 9 (1): 62-74. - get paper here
  • Vanzolini, P.E. 2002. AN AID TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SOUTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF AMPHISBAENA (SQUAMATA, AMPHISBAENIDAE). Pap. Avul. Zool., Sao Paulo 42(15):351-362 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini,P.E. 1991. Two new small species of Amphisbaena from the fossil dune field of the middle Rio São Francisco, State of Bahia, Brasil (Reptilia, Amphisbaenia). Pap. Avul. Univ. Sao Paulo. 37 (17): 259-276
 
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