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Anolis boulengerianus THOMINOT, 1887

IUCN Red List - Anolis boulengerianus - Data Deficient, DD

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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Tehuantepec Anole
S: Abaniquillo Tehuano 
SynonymAnolis boulengerianus THOMINOT 1887
Anolis nebulosus — BARBOUR 1934 (in part)
Anolis nebulosus — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950 (in part).
Anolis isthmicus FITCH 1978: 2
Norops isthmicus — LINER 1994
Norops isthmicus — NICHOLSON 2002
Anolis isthmicus — LINER 2007
Anolis isthmicus — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008: 42
Norops isthmicus — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Anolis boulengerianus — KÖHLER et al. 2014: 103
Norops boulengerianus — NICHOLSON et al. 2018
Anolis boulengerianus — HEIMES 2022 
DistributionMexico (SE Oaxaca)

Type locality: “Téhuantépec (Mexique).”

Type locality: 19.5 km WNW Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico [isthmicus]  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 6554, MNHN-RA 1994.1670 (formerly MNHN-RA 6554A) and MNHN-RA 1994.1671 (formerly MNHN-RA 6554B) (boulengerianus)
Holotype: KU 176034 (University of Kansas Natural History Museum), adult male, collected 11 February 1977 by H. S. Fitch [isthmicus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A small to moderate-sized species (SVL in largest male 56.0 mm, largest female 51.0 mm) of the genus Anolis (sensu Poe 2004) that differs from all Mexican and Central American anoles except A. carlliebi, A. immaculogularis, A. quercorum, A. subocularis, and A. sacamecatensis by having a combination of (1) strongly keeled ventral scales; (2) usually a patch of three greatly enlarged supraocular scales; (3) 13–20 rows of slightly to moderately enlarged dorsal scales that are smaller than ventral scales; (4) moderately long hind legs, longest toe of adpressed hind leg usually reaching to level of posterior border of eye or beyond, ratio shank length/SVL 0.24–0.32; and (5) a large orange yellow dewlap in males and a small orange dewlap in females. Anolis boulengerianus differs from A. carlliebi, A. quercorum, and A. sacamecatensis by having longer legs with the longest toe of adpressed hind leg usually reaching to level of posterior border of eye or beyond, ratio shank length/ SVL 0.24–0.31 (vs. to ear opening or to a point between ear opening and eye, ratio shank length/SVL 0.20–0.26). Anolis boulengerianus differs from A. subocularis in male dewlap coloration in life (orange yellow with paler areas around gorgetals in A. boulengerianus vs. pinkish red with paler areas around gorgetals in A. subocularis) and in hemipenial morphology (hemipenis slightly bilobate with two apical fields void of ornamentation, one on each lobe and with a finger-like asulcate processus and an indistinct asulcate ridge in A. boulengerianus vs. hemipenis unilobate with a single apical field void of ornamentation and without an asulcate processus or asulcate ridge in A. subocularis). Also, in A. boulengerianus, the subocular scales are usually broadly in contact with the supralabials (vs. subocular scales separated from supralabials by one scale row or these scales in contact in A. subocularis). Anolis boulengerianus differs from A. immaculogularis in male dewlap coloration in life (orange yellow with paler areas around gorgetals in A. boulengerianus vs. pinkish red without paler areas around gorgetals in A. immaculogularis) (KÖHLER et al. 2014). 
CommentSpecies group: Norops auratus Species Group (fide Nicholson et al. 2012)

Synonymy: mostly after KÖHLER et al. 2014 and SMITH & TAYLOR 1950. Barbour (1934) and SMITH & TAYLOR 1950 synonymized Anolis boulengerianus with A. nebulosus. Anolis boulengerianus THOMINOT 1887 was removed from the synonymy of A. nebulosus by NIETO-MINTES DE OCA et al. 2014. 
EtymologyNamed after George Albert Boulenger (1858-1937), herpetologist at the British Museum of Natural History, London. 
References
  • Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L 2021. Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153 - get paper here
  • Casas-Andreu, G., F.R. Méndez-De la Cruz and X. Aguilar-Miguel. 2004. Anfibios y Reptiles; pp. 375–390, in A.J.M. García-Mendoza, J. Ordoñez and M. Briones-Salas (ed.). Biodiversidad de Oaxaca. Instituto de Biología, UNAM-Fondo Oaxaqueño para la Conservación de la Naturaleza-World Wildlife Fund, México, D. F.
  • Fitch H S 1978. Two new anoles (Reptilia: Iguanidae) from Oaxaca with comments on other Mexican species. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contr. Biol. Geol. (No. 20) 1978: 1-15 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2022. LIZARDS OF MEXICO - Part 1 Iguanian lizards. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main, 448 pp.
  • KÖHLER, GUNTHER 2014. Characters of external morphology used in Anolis taxonomy—Definition of terms, advice on usage, and illustrated examples. Zootaxa 3774 (2): 201–257 - get paper here
  • KÖHLER, GUNTHER; RAÚL GÓMEZ TREJO PÉREZ, CLAUS BO P. PETERSEN & FAUSTO R. MÉNDEZ DE LA CRUZ 2014. A revision of the Mexican Anolis (Reptilia, Squamata, Dactyloidae) from the Pacific versant west of the Isthmus de Tehuantepec in the states of Oaxaca, Guerrero, and Puebla, with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 3862 (1): 001–210 - get paper here
  • Liner, E.A. 1994. Scientific and common names for the Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico in English and Spanish. Herpetological Circular 23: 1-113
  • Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A., and Gustavo Casas-Andreu. 2008. Standard Spanish, English and Scientific Names of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico. Herpetological Circular 38: 167 p.
  • Mata-Silva, Vicente, Jerry D. Johnson, Larry David Wilson and Elí García-Padilla. 2015. The herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: composition, physiographic distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 6–62 - get paper here
  • Nicholson KE, C. Guyer, and JG Phillips 2017. Biogeographic Origin of Mainland Norops (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Assumptions Inhibiting Progress in Comparative Biology (eds. Crother and Parenti), pp. 169–184
  • Nicholson, K.E. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis and a test of the current infrageneric classification of Norops (beta Anolis). Herpetological Monographs 16: 93-120 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2012. It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3477: 1–108 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461 (4): 573–586 - get paper here
  • NIETO-MONTES DE OCA, ADRIÁN; GUNTHER KÖHLER, MANUEL FERIA-ORTIZ 2014. Anolis boulengerianus Thominot, 1887, a senior synonym of Anolis isthmicus Fitch, 1978 (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3794: 125–133 - get paper here
  • Poe S, Anderson CG. 2019. The existence and evolution of morphotypes in Anolis lizards: coexistence patterns, not adaptive radiations, distinguish mainland and island faunas. PeerJ 6: e6040 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2013. 1986 Redux: New genera of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) are unwarranted. Zootaxa 3626 (2): 295–299 - get paper here
 
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