Anolis cuprinus SMITH, 1964
Can you confirm these amateur observations of Anolis cuprinus?
Anolis cuprinus
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| Higher Taxa | Dactyloidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Copper Anole, Chiapas Anole S: Abaniquillo de Chiapas |
| Synonym | Anolis cuprinus SMITH 1964 Anolis breedlovei SMITH & PAULSON 1968 Norops breedlovei — GUYER & SAVAGE 1986 Norops cuprinus — GUYER & SAVAGE 1986 Norops cuprinus — LINER 1994 Norops breedlovei — LINER 1994 Norops breedlovei — KÖHLER 2000: 62 Norops cuprinus — KÖHLER 2000: 62 Norops cuprinus — NICHOLSON 2002 Norops breedlovei — NICHOLSON 2002 Anolis breedlovei — LINER 2007 Anolis cuprinus — LINER 2007 Norops breedlovei — NICHOLSON et al. 2012 Norops cuprinus — NICHOLSON et al. 2012 Norops cuprinus — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 |
| Distribution | SE Mexico (Oaxaca) Type locality: Mexico: Zanatepec, Oaxaca breedlovei: SE Mexico (Oaxaca, Chiapas); Type locality: Mexico: on Cerro Azul, ca. 30 km SE Santa Maria Chimalapa, Oaxaca. |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: INHS (= UIMNH) 52959, adult male; T. MacDougall; January 11, 1963. Holotype: INHS (= UIMNH) 48671, T. MacDougall; April 2, 1960 [breedlovei] |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis. A member of the cupreus group of Anolis, having rather weakly although distinctly keeled ventrals, finger pads covering two rows of ventrals, 4-6 rows of somewhat enlarged dorsals gradually merging with laterals, largest dorsals % size of ventrals, a bright blood-red dewlap; differing from cupreus in having an interparietal smaller than ear opening, rather thick head scales, a very deep frontal concavity, dewlap not edged with purple, size larger (53 mm. snout-vent). Description. Dorsal head scales mostly unicarinate, a very few bicarinate; frontal ridges moderately conspicuous, but concavity between especially pronounced; head scales relatively large, 7 between rear canthals, 2-3 across middle of frontal concavity; 10 scales between nostrils, 8 bordering rostral between supralabials; scales in supraorbital semicircles about as broad as long, except 2, twice as large, on each side opposite anterior end of orbits; 2 rows of scales between supraorbital semicircles, and 2 between semi-circles and interparietal; latter (1.5 x 1.0 mm.) distinctly smaller than ear opening (2.0 x 1.0 mm.); enlarged supraoculars in two rows, mostly contacting semicircles, 7-9 in number; 4 canthals to level of nasal disk; 6 rows of loreals; 1 row of scales between sub-oculars and labials; 6 supralabials to below middle of eye. Dorsals keeled, 5-6 times as large as granular laterals, only slightly smaller than ventrals, median 2-6 rows enlarged and sub-equal, gradually merging with laterals, 30 in head length at midline in rear trunk region; ventrals distinctly but weakly keeled, 37 in head length at rear midbelly; dewlap reaching posterior to axillary level only about one-sixth distance from axilla to groin; no enlarged postanals; tail slightly compressed, scale whorls poorly defined, with one median dorsal row of scales; no crest on body or tail. Anterior scales of thigh, and dorsal scales of upper-foreleg, somewhat larger than dorsals; 15 scales under phalanges 2 and 3 of 4th toe; a shallow but distinct axillary pocket. Dewlap bright red, no differentiation of color at margin or center; dorsal surface brownish slate; sides darker, with 5 large scallops invading dorsal region; some evidence of narrow V-shaped bands across back; limbs barred rather prominently; ventral surfaces dark-pigmented, over chin, throat (excluding fan), tail and legs. Snout to posterior border of ear, 14.5 mm.; dorsal head width at middle of orbit, 12.25 mm.; head depth at middle of orbit 7 mm.; snout to vent, 53 mm.; tail, 112 mm.; hind leg 46.5 mm. to tip of 4th toe; shank 14.5 mm.; axilla to groin, 20 mm.; foreleg 23 mm. Comparisons. This specimen represents a species which seems to be the northern member of the cupreus group, since the ventral and dorsal scales in cupreus and cuprinus are essentially the same. Both occur on Pacific slopes, and both have a bright red dewlap. However, the type of cuprinus is, at 53 mm. S-V, 8 mm. larger than the largest male reported by Stuart (1955:16) from Guatemala, and 11 or 12 mm. larger than the largest specimens from El Salvador and Costa Rica reported by Mertens (1952:41) and Taylor (1956: 110). The interparietal is also distinctly smaller than the ear opening (larger in cupreus), the dewlap reaches only mid-thorax (mid-abdomen in cupreus), the dewlap lacks the orange margin described by Stuart (loc. cit.) and Taylor (1956:113) for cupreus, and at 5,000 ft. the elevation is somewhat above the maximum (1,400 m.) recorded for cupreus (Stuart, loc. cit.). |
| Comment | Synonymy: partly after NIETO MONTES DE OCA et al. 2013. Nieto-Montes de Oca (1994) synonymized A. breedlovei with A. cuprinus. Species group: Norops auratus Species Group (fide Nicholson et al. 2012) |
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