Bothrocophias lojanus (PARKER, 1930)

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Higher Taxa	Viperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Lojan Lancehead
Synonym	Bothrops lojanus PARKER 1930 Bothrops lojana PARKER 1930 Bothrops alticola PARKER 1939 Bothriopsis alticola — WELCH 1994: 31 Bothrops lojanus — WELCH 1994: 33 Bothrops lojanus — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 266 Bothrops lojanus — CARRASCO et al. 2012 Bothrops lojanus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 117 Bothrocophias lojanus — HAMDAN et al. 2019
Distribution	Ecuador (Loja, Zamora-Chinchipe), Peru; elevation up to 2500 m or higher. Type locality: Loja, Provincia Loja, Ecuador, 2200 m elevation.
Reproduction	ovovivparous
Types	Holotype: BMNH 1930.1.30.1
Diagnosis
Comment	Venomous! Incertae sedis fide FENWICK et al. 2009. Bothrops lojanus nests within Bothrocophias (Alencar et al. 2016) although support for a position within the latter is not very strong. Conservation: one of the 30 most endangered viper species (Maritz et al. 2016).
Etymology	Named after the type locality.
References	Alencar, Laura R.V.; Tiago B. Quental, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Michael L. Alfaro, Marcio Martins, Mericien Venzon, Hussam Zaher 2016. Diversification in vipers: Phylogenetic relationships, time of divergence and shifts in speciation rates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 105: 50–62 - get paper here Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca Carrasco, P.A., C.I. Mattoni, G.C. Leynaud, and G.J. Scrocchi. 2012. Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of South American bothropoid pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 41: 109-124 - get paper here Carrasco, Paola A; Pablo J Venegas, Valencia, Jorge H 2016. First confirmed records of the endangered Andean pitviper Bothrops lojanus Parker, 1930 (Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Peru. Herpetology Notes 9: 297-301 - get paper here FENWICK, ALLYSON M.; RONALD L. GUTBERLET JR, JENNAFER A. EVANS, CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON 2009. Morphological and molecular evidence for phylogeny and classification of South American pitvipers, genera Bothrops, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias (Serpentes: Viperidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (3): 617-640 - get paper here Hamdan, B, Guedes, TB, Carrasco, PA, Melville, J. 2019. A complex biogeographic history of diversification in Neotropical lancehead pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 49: 145– 158 [print 2020] - get paper here Maritz, Bryan; Johannes Penner, Marcio Martins, Jelka Crnobrnja-Isailović, Stephen Spear, Laura R.V. Alencar, Jesús Sigala-Rodriguez, Kevin Messenger, Rulon W. Clark, Pritpal Soorae, Luca Luiselli, Chris Jenkins, Harry W. Greene 2016. Identifying global priorities for the conservation of vipers. Biological Conservation, doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.004 - get paper here McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp. OLIVEIRA-DALLAND, LUIS G.; LAURA R.V. ALENCAR, LEANDRO R. TAMBOSI, PAOLA A. CARRASCO, RHETT M. RAUTSAW, JESUS SIGALA-RODRIGUEZ, GUSTAVO SCROCCHI & MARCIO MARTINS. 2022. Conservation gaps for Neotropical vipers: Mismatches between protected areas, species richness and evolutionary distinctiveness. Biological Conservation 275(109750). - get paper here Parker,H.W. 1930. Two new reptiles from southern Ecuador. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 5: 568-571 - get paper here Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here Valencia, J. H., K. Garzón-Tello & M. E. Barragán-Paladines 2016. Serpientes venenosas del Ecuador: sistemática, taxonomía, historia natural, conservación, envenenamiento y aspectos antropológicos. Quito, Ecuador, Fundación Herpetológica Gustavo Orcés, Universidad de Texas, Fondo Ambiental Nacional, 652 pp. [review in HR 49 (1): 152, 2018] Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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