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Chersodromus liebmanni REINHARDT, 1861

IUCN Red List - Chersodromus liebmanni - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Liebmann's Earth Runner
S: Corredora de Liebmann 
SynonymChersodromus liebmanni REINHARDT 1861: 243
Chersodromus nigricans REINHARDT 1861: 245
Opisthiodon torquatus PETERS 1861: 461
Ninia liebmanni — GARMAN 1884: 95
Chersodromus liebmanni — BOULENGER 1893: 295
Dirosema collare WERNER 1900: 197
Chersodromus liebmanni — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 57
Chersodromus liebmanni — LINER 1994
Chersodromus liebmanni — LINER 2007
Chersodromus liebmanni — WALLACH et al. 2014: 159 
DistributionMexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz, Puebla)

Type locality: Cuautlapan, Veracruz, Mexico (fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950).

nigricans: Type locality: “Mexico.” Restricted to Cuautlapan, Veracruz, Mexico, by Smith & Taylor (1950:347), and to Mirador, Veracruz, Mexico by Smith & Braetrup (1963:240).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZMUC 60561, Copenhagen Mus. (fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1945)
Holotype: ZMUC 60562 [Chersodromus nigricans]
Holotype: ZMB, Type locality: Huanusco [= Huatusco], Veracruz. [Opisthiodon torquatus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): The genus is characterized by a fused prefrontal shield.

Diagnosis. Chersodromus liebmanni can be distinguished from all Mexican species of snakes by having combination of prefrontals fused into single scale; postocular fused with supraocular; dorsal scales keeled in 17 rows at midbody, unreduced posteriorly; supralabials 7, third and fourth entering orbit; infralabials 7–8, usually 1– 5 contacting anterior chinshields (5 narrowly); mental contacting anterior chinshields; venter cream colored.
This species may be distinguished from all species of Chersodromus, except C. rubriventris, by having the postocular fused with supraocular; from C. rubriventris by having 17 scales around body (vs. 15), ventral surface uniformly cream (vs. bright orange) (Table 1). Ninia diademata Baird & Girard (1853) might be confused with this species, and they are sympatric at some localities in Oaxaca and Veracruz. Ninia diademata differs from Chersodromus in having paired prefrontals shields, 19 strongly keeled dorsal scale rows, and two postoculars, larger body size (reaching at least 330 cm TL), and more slender tail. 
CommentSynonymy after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970. Dixon & Ketchersid (1969) synonymized Schmidtophis with Chersodromus. According to Canseco-Márquez et al. 2018, Zweifel (1954), described C. nigricans from Guerrero, however, Scott (1967) placed this name into the synonymy of Tropidodipsas annulifera.

Type species: Chersodromus liebmanni REINHARDT 1861 is the type species of the genus Chersodromus REINHARDT 1861.

Mimicry: Chersodromus liebmanni mimicks Micrurus elegans (TORRE-LORANCA et al. 2006).

Distribution: Guatemala fide PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970, but not in Guatemala fide KÖHLER 2008.

Conservation: IUCN category: least concern (LC) 
EtymologyThe generic name comes from the Greek words cherso, meaning "earth," and dromus, meaning "a runner." 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • CANSECO-MÁRQUEZ, LUIS; CYNTHIA G. RAMÍREZ-GONZÁLEZ, JONATHAN A. CAMPBELL 2018. Taxonomic review of the rare Mexican snake genus Chersodromus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa 4399 (2): 151–169 - get paper here
  • Casas-Andreu, G., F.R. Méndez-De la Cruz and X. Aguilar-Miguel. 2004. Anfibios y Reptiles; pp. 375–390, in A.J.M. García-Mendoza, J. Ordoñez and M. Briones-Salas (ed.). Biodiversidad de Oaxaca. Instituto de Biología, UNAM-Fondo Oaxaqueño para la Conservación de la Naturaleza-World Wildlife Fund, México, D. F.
  • Garman,Samuel 1884. The reptiles and batrachians of North America. Mem. Mus. comp. Zool, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 8 (3): xxxiv + 185 pp. [1883] [CNAH reprint 10] - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Jan, G. 1865. Iconographie générale des ophidiens. 12. Livraison. J.B. Bailière et Fils, Paris - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here
  • Mancilla-Moreno,M. & Camarillo Rangel, J.L. 1998. Geographic distribution: Chersodromus liebmanni. Herpetological Review 29 (1): 52-53 - get paper here
  • Mata-Silva, Vicente, Jerry D. Johnson, Larry David Wilson and Elí García-Padilla. 2015. The herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: composition, physiographic distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 6–62 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1861. Über eine Sammlung von Schlangen aus Huanusco in Mexico, welche das Königl. zoologische Museum kürzlich von Hrn. Dr. Hille erworben hat. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1861 (April): 460-462 - get paper here
  • Reinhardt 1861. Herpetologiske Middelelser. II. Beskrivelser af nogle nye til Calamariernes Familie henhörende Slänger. Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjöbenhavn 2 [1860]: 229-250 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. & Taylor, Edward H. 1950. Type localities of Mexican reptiles and amphibians. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 33 (8): 313-380 - get paper here
  • Torre-Loranca, M.A. de la; Aguirre-León, G. & López-Luna, M.A. 2006. Coralillos verdaderos (Serpentes: Elapidae) y Coralillos falsos (Serpentes: Colubridae) de Veracruz, México. Acta Zoologica Mexicana 22 (3): 11-22 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werner, F. 1900. Beschreibung einiger noch unbekannter neotropischer und indischer Reptilien. Zool. Anz. 23: 196-198 - get paper here
  • Woolrich-Piña, G. A., E. García-Padilla, D. L. DeSantis, J. D. Johnson, V. Mata-Silva, and L. D. Wilson. 2017. The herpetofauna of Puebla, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(4): 791–884
 
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