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Chironius leucometapus DIXON, WIEST & CEI, 1993

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Yellow-headed Sipo 
SynonymChironius fuscus leucometapus WIEST 1978
Chironius fuscus leucometapus DIXON, WIEST & CEI 1993: 123
Chironius leucometapus — HOLLIS 2006
Chironius leucometapus — SOUZA-FILHO et a. 2012
Chironius leucometapus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 161
Chironius leucometapus — BERNAL & DUBOIS 2023 
DistributionN Ecuador, Peru (Huanuco, Junin, San Martin), 500–3500 m elevation

Type locality: “Peru, Depanmenl of Junin, Chanchamayo”  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: AMNH 53317 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: “has a while or dirty yellow forehead, without a dark postocular stripe, and without enlarged spines proximally in the spinous portion of the hemipenis” [DIXON et al. 1993: 125]. 
CommentDistribution: see map in DIXON et al. 1993: 111.

Synonymy: Wiest published the description of C. dixoni in his PhD thesis, which was later published again in slighly modified form by Dixon et al. 1993. Entiauspe-Neto & Loebmann 2019 argued that Wiest 1978 constitutes a proper publication and thus has priority over Dixon et al. 1993.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
Etymology“The subspecies name is derived from the Greek words ‘leuco’ meaning white and ‘metapon’ meaning forehead or front”. However, there exists no word ‘metapon’ in classical Greek! This term is clearly a misspelling of the noun μέτωπον, metopon, ‘forehead’, combined with λευκός, leukos, ‘white’. This nomen should therefore be considered as an “arbitrary combination of letters” (Article 11.3) and kept unmodified (Bernal & Dubois 2023). 
References
  • Bernal, Rodrigo & Alain Dubois 2023. Chironius scurrula, the correct nomen for Chironius scurrulus (Squamata, Serpentes, Colubridae), with a list of the correct spellings of specific epithets currently in use in this genus. Bionomina, 34: 035–044 - get paper here
  • Dixon J R; Wiest J A Jr; Cei J M 1993. Revision of the Neotropical snake genus Chironius Fitzinger (Serpentes, Colubridae). MUSEO REGIONALE DI SCIENZE NATURALI MONOGRAFIE (TURIN) 13 :1-280
  • Entiauspe-Neto OM, Loebmann D 2019. Taxonomic status of Chironius laurenti Dixon, Wiest & Cei, 1993 and of the long- forgotten Chironius dixoni Wiest, 1978 (Squamata, Serpentes). Bionomina 16: 83–87 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Hollis, J.L. 2006. Phylogenetics of the genus Chironius Fitzinger 1826 (Serpenes, Colubridae) based on morphology. Herpetologica 62 (4): 435-452 - get paper here
  • Roberto, I. J. and Souza, A. R. 2020. Review of prey items recorded for snakes of the genus Chironius (Squamata, Colubridae), including the first record of Osteocephalus as prey. Herpetology Notes 13: 1-5. - get paper here
  • Souza Filho, G.A.; J.C. Moura-Leite; Matias, E.G.; S.A.A. Morato 2012. Chironius fuscus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes: Colubridae): Distribution extension, new state record and variation in southern Brazil. Check List 8(6):1315-1318 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal, O., Echevarría, L.Y., Lobos, S.E., Venegas, P.J., Kok, P.J.R. 2018. Phylogeny, diversity and biogeography of Neotropical sipo snakes (Serpentes: Colubrinae: Chironius). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 130: 315-329 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal, Omar; Claudia Koch, Jorge H. Valencia, Pablo J. Venegas, and Lourdes Y. Echevarría 2019. Morphology and distribution of the South American snake Chironius leucometapus (Serpentes: Colubridae). Phyllomedusa 18 (2): 241–254 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wiest, J. A., Jr. 1978. Revision of the Neotropical snake genus Chironius Fitzinger (Serpentes, Colubridae). PhD. dissertation, Texas A&M University: i–xv + 1–370
 
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