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Cnemaspis harimau CHAN, GRISMER, ANUAR, QUAH, MUIN, SAVAGE, GRISMER, AHMAD, REMIGIO & GREER, 2010

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Tiger Rock Gecko 
SynonymCnemaspis harimau CHAN, GRISMER, ANUAR, QUAH, MUIN, SAVAGE, GRISMER, AHMAD, REMIGIO & GREER 2010
Cnemaspis harimau — GRISMER 2011
Cnemaspis harimau — GRISMER et al. 2014: 68 
DistributionNW Peninsular Malaysia (Gunung Jerai, Kedah)

Type locality: 601 m elevation from Sungai Badak (=Badak river), Gunung Jerai, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia (N 05°48′59′′, E 100°23′53′′).  
Reproductionoviparous (manual and phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZRC 2.6894, adult male collected on 17 March 2010 by Chan Kin Onn, Lee Grismer, Jesse Grismer, Anna Savage, Shahrul Anuar, Mohd. Abdul Muin, and Evan Quah at 2030 hrs. Paratypes. Collection locality and collector of the paratypes is the same as that of the holotype. The paratypes were collected between 2030 and 2130 hrs. ZRC 2.6897 (female; 16 March 2010); LSUHC 9669 (male; 17 March 2010); and ZRC 2.6895, 2.6896, LSUHC 9665, 9667 (female; 17 March 2010). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Maximum SVL 40.7 mm; nine or 10 supralabials; nine or 10 infralabials; ventral scales keeled; four discontinuous, pore-bearing precloacal scales with round pores; 18–20 paravertebral tubercles; tubercles not linearly arranged, present on flanks; tubercles in lateral caudal furrows; ventrolateral caudal tubercles absent anteriorly; lateral row of caudal tubercles present; caudal tubercles encircling tail; all subcaudals keeled, no enlarged median scale row; two or three postcloacal tubercles on each side of tail base; no enlarged femoral or subtibial scales; subtibials keeled; no enlarged submetatarsal scales on first toe; 25–30 subdigital fourth toe lamellae; gular region and throat yellow in males; single ocellus in shoulder region in males; yellow postscapular band variable; transverse yellow bars on flanks (Tables 6,7 in Grismer et al. 2014). 
CommentHabitat: granite boulders and at the base of tree trunks near the boulders during the day and night.

Abundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyThe specific epithet, harimau means tiger in the Malay language and is in reference to the yellow banding on the flanks of this species which are arbitrarily analogous to the banding on a tiger. Additionally, the year 2010 coincides with the Chinese zodiac year of the tiger. 
References
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; & EVAN S. H. QUAH 2019. An updated and annotated checklist of the lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and their adjacent archipelagos. Zootaxa 4545 (2): 230–248 - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; P. L. WOOD, JR., EVAN S. H. QUAH, SHAHRUL ANUAR, EHWAN NGADI & NORHAYATI AHMAD 2015. A new insular species of Rock Gecko (Cnemaspis Boulenger) from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3985 (2): 203–218 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and their adjacent archipelagos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 728 pp. [review in Herp. Rev. 43: 155] - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L.; PERRY JR L. WOOD, SHAHRUL ANUAR, AWAL RIYANTO, NORHAYATI AHMAD, MOHD A. MUIN, MONTRI SUMONTHA, JESSE L. GRISMER, CHAN KIN ONN, EVAN S. H. QUAH, OLIVIER S. A. PAUWELS 2014. Systematics and natural history of Southeast Asian Rock Geckos (genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887) with descriptions of eight new species from Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. Zootaxa 3880 (1): 001–147 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L.; PERRY L. WOOD JR., MAKETAB MOHAMED, KIN ONN CHAN, HEATHER M. HEINZ, ALEX S-I. SUMARLI, JACOB A. CHAN, ARIEL I. LOREDO 2013. A new species of karst-adapted Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from a threatened karst region in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3746 (3): 463–472 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Nguyen, H.N., Hung, C., Yang, M. et al. 2020. Sympatric competitors have driven the evolution of temporal activity patterns in Cnemaspis geckos in Southeast Asia. Sci Rep 10: 27 - get paper here
  • Onn, Chan Kin; L. L. Grismer, Shahrul Anuar, E. Quah, M.A. Muin, A.E. Savage, J.L. Grismer, Norhayati Ahmad, A.C. Remigio, L.F. Greer 2010. A new endemic rock Gecko Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Gunung Jerai, Kedah, northwestern Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 2576: 59–68 - get paper here
  • WOOD, PERRY JR. L.; EVAN S.H. QUAH, SHAHRUL ANUAR M.S., MOHD ABDUL MUIN 2013. A new species of lowland karst dwelling Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northwestern Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3691 (5): 538–558 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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