Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis LUU, BONKOWSKI, NGUYEN, LE, SCHNEIDER, NGO & ZIEGLER, 2016
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Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis
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| Higher Taxa | Gekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Hinnamno Bent-toed Gecko Laotian: Ki Chiem Hin Nam No |
| Synonym | Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis LUU, BONKOWSKI, NGUYEN, LE, SCHNEIDER, NGO & ZIEGLER 2016 Cyrtodactylus phongnhakebangensis — LUU et al. 2013 |
| Distribution | C Laos Type locality: Ban Dou Village (17°30.385’N, 105°49.160’E, elevation 183 m a.s.l.) within Hin Nam No NPA, Khammouane Province, central Laos. |
| Reproduction | |
| Types | Holotype: IEBR A.2013.90, adult male, collected on 11 June 2013 by V. Q. Luu and N. V. Ha. Paratypes. IEBR A.2013.89, adult male, 7 May 2013, from Hang Toi region, Noong Ma Village (17°17.766’N, 106°08.803’E, elevation 580 m a.s.l.); VNUF R.2013.1 and NUOL R-2013.2, adult males, 9 June 2013, from Vang Ma No Village (17°30.778’N, 105°49.259’E, elevation 180 m a.s.l.); VNUF R.2014.99, adult male, 27 May 2014, from Cha Lou Village (17°19.504’N, 105°57.630’E, elevation ca. 300 m a.s.l.); ZFMK 95235, adult female, 8 May 2013, from Hang Toi region, Noong Ma Village (17°17.763’N, 106°08.778’E, elevation 555 m a.s.l.); ZFMK 95236, adult female, 30 May 2013, from Noong Choong Region, Cha Lou Village (17°20.248’N, 105°56.693’E, elevation 252 m a.s.l.); NUOL R-2013.3, adult female, 11 June 2013, from Ban Dou Village (17°31.545’N, 105°49.086’E, elevation 197 m a.s.l.); VNUF R.2015.3, female, 13 March 2015, from Xebangfai cave, Noong Ping Village (17°22.459’N, 105°49.626’E, elevation 182 m a.s.l.); NUOL R-2015.9, female, 13 March 2015, from Xebangfai cave, Noong Ping Village (17°22.648’N, 105°52.931’E, elevation 182 m a.s.l.); VNUF R.2015.11, female, 14 March 2015, from Xebangfai cave, Noong Ping Village (17°22.759’N, 105°52.931’E, elevation 285 m a.s.l.). The paratypes (VNUF R.2015.3, NUOL R-2015.9, and VNUF R.2015.11) were collected by V. Q. Luu and K. Thanabuaosy in March 2015; the paratype (VNUF R.2014.99) was collected by V. Q. Luu, N. V. Ha, T. Calame, D. V. Phan and K. Thanabuaosy in May 2014, the remaining type series was collected by V. Q. Luu, N. V. Ha, and K. Thanabuaosy in May and June 2013 (V. Q. Luu et al.). |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis. Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov. is characterized by: Adult SVL 84.1 ± 11.7 mm (mean ± SD); dorsal head with dark blotches; nuchal loop wide, distinct, posteriorly enlarged; dorsal body with four to six blackish brown bands between limb insertions; 13–19 irregular, weakly keeled dorsal tubercle rows; 35–48 ventral scale rows; ventral scale rows from mental to cloacal slit 179–201; scale rows at midbody 93–112; ventrolateral folds present, without tubercles; 36–44 precloacal-femoral pores in the males; 0–28 pores in females; enlarged femoral and precloacal scales present; 4–6 postcloacal tubercles; subcaudals enlarged. Comparisons. Luu et al. 2016 compared the new species with its congeners from Laos and neighbouring countries in the mainland Indochina region, including Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand based on examination of specimens (see Appendix) and data integrated from the literature (compiled and cited in Luu et al. 2016) (see Tables 3, Luu et al. 2016). The cluster and correspondence analyses of morphological characters supported Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov. as a sister taxon to C. darevskii (Figs. 2–3). Molecular phylogenetic analyses also demonstrated the close relationships between these species (see Fig. 1). Morphologically, Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov. is closely related to the C. phongnhakebangensis group including C. darevskii, C. phongnhakebangensis, C. calamei by dorsal colour pattern and the number of cloacal and femoral pores in males. However, the new species can be distinguished from C. darevskii by having fewer cloacal and femoral pores in females (maximum 0–28 versus 24–34), four to six blackish brown transverse body bands, as wide as light bands (versus four to five dark irregular transverse breaking body bands, 0.5 times narrower than light band), first body band wide, butterfly-shaped (versus thin, U-shaped in C. darevskii), the presence of tubercles on fore limbs (versus absent), and tail consisting of light rings (versus banded); Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov. differs from C. phongnhakebangensis by its slightly larger size (SVL reaching 100.6 mm versus 96.3 mm), having fewer cloacal and femoral pores in females (0–28 versus 0–41), having more scale rows from mental to the front of cloacal slit (179–201 versus 161–177), the presence of tubercles on fore limbs (versus absent), a narrower nuchal loop, not enlarged posteriorly (wide, enlarged posteriorly), four to six blackish brown transverse body bands as wide as light bands (versus three to five dark transverse body bands as wide as double light bands, light transverse bands with small spots (versus with big black blotches), and tail pattern consisting of light rings (versus banded); Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov. differs from C. calamei by its larger size (SVL reaching 100.6 mm versus 89.3 mm), fewer cloacal and femoral pores in females (0–28 versus 38), more postcloacal tubercles (4–6 versus 4), dorsal head marking with distinctly dark spots and blotches (versus indistinct dots), the absence of heart-shaped marking on postocciput (versus present), four to six blackish brown body transverse bands, as wide as light bands (versus four greyish brown transverse bands, narrower than light bands) (for more details see Table 7, Fig. 9). The results of the correspondence analysis comparing all adult male morphological maesurements of Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov. and the latter species indicated four distinct groups between these species (see Fig. 4 in Luu et al. 2016). |
| Comment | Sexual dimorphism. The females differ from the males by lacking or having fewer precloacal-femoral pores (0–28 versus 36–44 in the males) and the absence of hemipenial swellings at the tail base (see Table 6 in Luu et al. 2016). Natural history. Specimens were found at night between 19:41 and 22:03h on karst walls, ca. 0.3–5 m above the ground, near cave entrances in the limestone forest, at elevations between 175 and 580 m a.s.l. Only one male specimen VNUF R.2014.99 was collected on a tree trunk, about 1 m from the forest floor. The surrounding habitat was karst forest, dominated by species of Ebenaceae, Dracaenaceae, Arecaeae, Poaceae, Meliaceae, and Moraceae. The relative humidity ranged from 78% to 90%, and temperatures were from 24.9 to 30.7oC (see Table 8). When capturing individuals of the species, we observed an increased rate of tail autotomy and many individuals had regenerated tail, for example, seven of 11 specimens of Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov. had dropped or/and regenerated tails. This suggests that these populations might be under the stress of predators (see also Grismer et al. 2016). |
| Etymology | Named after its type locality, Hin Nam No NPA where the new Cyrtodactylus species was discovered. |
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