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Dipsas ventrimaculata (BOULENGER, 1885)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Boulenger's Tree Snake
Portuguese: Dormideira, Dormideira-Comum, Dormideira-Grande, Dormideira-Marrom, Jararaca-de-Jardim, Jararaquinha, Papa-Lesma, Urutuzinho 
SynonymLeptognathus ventrimaculatus BOULENGER 1885: 87
Cochliophagus ventrimaculatus — BERG 1901
Leptognathus intermedius STEINDACHNER 1903: 16
Cochliophagus ventrimaculata — SERIÉ 1921
Heterorhachis poecilolepis AMARAL 1923: 94
Heterorhachis poecilolepis AMARAL 1926: 107
Heterorhachis poecilolepsis [sic] AMARAL 1923
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — AMARAL 1929
Dipsas poecilolepis — PETERS 1960
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — PETERS 1960: 165
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — FREIBERG 1982: 141
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — CEI 1993
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — GIRAUDO & SCROCCHI 2002
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus— ZAHER et al. 2011
Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 671
Dipsas ventrimaculatus — ARTEAGA et al. 2018
Dipsas ventrimaculata — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Dipsas ventrimaculatus — FRANÇA et al. 2022 
DistributionS Paraguay, NE Argentina (Misiones, Formosa, Corrientes [HR 27: 214]),
Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)

Type locality: São Lorenço, south embroider of Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Diet: snails  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1885.6.26.32, male, and BMNH 1885.6.26.33, sex unknown, received from von Ihering. 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy primarily after CEI 1993. Fernandes et al. (1998) synonymized Heterorhachis poecilolepis with Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus.

Distribution: reports of this species from Uruguay represent actually S. turgidus (CARREIRA et al. 2005). See map in Nogueira et al. 2019.

Diet: primarily molluscs (T. de Lema, pers. comm., 16 Oct 2015).

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
References
  • Abegg, Arthur Diesel; Conrado Mario da Rosa, Camila Pivetta Cavalheiro, Flora Roncolatto Ortiz and Leandro Malta Borges. 2014. Partial albinism in Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus (Boulenger, 1885) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 7: 475-476 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1923. New genera and species of snakes. Proc. New England Zool. Club 8: 85-105 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1926. Novos gêneros e expécies de ophidios brasileiros. Arch. Mus. Nac. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 26: 1-27
  • Arteaga A, Salazar-Valenzuela D, Mebert K, Peñafiel N, Aguiar G, Sánchez-Nivicela JC, Pyron RA, Colston TJ, Cisneros-Heredia DF, Yánez-Muñoz MH, Venegas PJ, Guayasamin JM, Torres-Carvajal O 2018. Systematics of South American snail-eating snakes (Serpentes, Dipsadini), with the description of five new species from Ecuador and Peru. ZooKeys 766: 79-147 - get paper here
  • Beconi, Hugo Cabral; Alberto Carosini, Paul Smith 2019. Die Hard: How Paraguayan snakes avoid predation and live to tell the tale. Herpetology Notes 12: 513-518 - get paper here
  • Bérnils, R.S.; Batista, M.A. & Bertelli, P.W. 2001. Cobras e lagartos do Vale: levantamento das espécies de Squamata (Reptilia, Lepidosauria) da Bacia do Rio Itajai, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Rev. Est. Ambientais (Blumenau) 3 (1): 69-79
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1885. Second list of reptiles and batrachians from the province Rio Grande do Sul, sent to the Natural History Museum by Dr. H. van Ihering. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 16: 85-88 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Cacciali-Sosa, Pier 2006. Las serpientes caracoleras (Colubridae: Dipsadini) de Paraguay. Revista Española de Herpetología 20: 71-85 - get paper here
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • Fernandes,R. et al. 1998. The taxonomic status of Heterorhachis poecilolepis, AMARAL 1923. Journal of Herpetology 32 (1): 139-141 - get paper here
  • França, R. C., França, F. G., Rödder, D., & Solé, M. 2022. Historical collection of snakes from Brazil by herpetologist and biogeographer Paul Müller (1940–2010), deposited at the Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Germany. Bonn zoological Bulletin 71 (1): 41–49 - get paper here
  • Freiberg, M.A. 1982. Snakes of South America. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 189 pp. - get paper here
  • Giraudo, A. R., and G. J. Scrocchi 2002. Argentinian Snakes: An Annotated Checklist. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (132): 1-53 - get paper here
  • Giraudo,A.R. 1999. New records of snakes from Argentina. Herpetological Review 30 (3): 179-181 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Kunz, Kriton 2015. Schlangen, die Wirbellose fressen. Terraria-Elaphe 2015 (5): 14-20 - get paper here
  • Kunz, Tobias Saraiva;<br />Ivo Rohling Ghizoni-Jr.,<br />Walter Luis Alves dos Santos & Paulo Afonso Hartmann 2007. Nota sobre a coleção herpetológica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). Biotemas, 20 (3): 127-132 - get paper here
  • Lions, Maria Luisa; Alvarez, Blanca Beatriz 1996. Geographic Distribution. Sibynomorphus ventrimaculatus. Herpetological Review 27 (4): 214 - get paper here
  • MARQUES, O. A. V. et al. 2009. Repteis. In: Bressan et al., FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, pp. 285-327 - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Outeiral, Arlete B.; Rafael L. Balestrin, Lize H. Cappellari, Thales de Lema, Vanda Lúcia Ferreira 2018. Snake assemblage from Serra do Sudeste, Pampa Biome in Southern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 11: 733-745 - get paper here
  • Peters , J. A. 1960. The snakes of the subfamily Dipsadinae. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan (114): 224 pp. - get paper here
  • Scrocchi G. Porto M. Rey L. 1993. Descripcion de una especie nueva y situacion del genero Sibynomorphus (Serpentes: Colubridae) en la Argentina. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE BIOLOGIA 53 (2): 197- 208.
  • Steindachner, F. 1903. Über einige neue Reptilien- und Fischarten des Hofmuseums in Wien. Sitzungsber. Ak. Wien, math.-naturw. Cl. (Kl.) 112: 15—22 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
 
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