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Erythrolamprus macrosomus (AMARAL, 1936)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-D’água, Cobra-da-Pastagem, Cobra-Rainha-Meridional, Cobra-Verde, Jabotiboia, Jabutuboia, Jararaquinha, Parelheira 
SynonymLeimadophis reginae macrosoma AMARAL 1936: 238
Leimadophis reginae maculicauda HOGE 1954: 241
Leimadophis reginae macrosoma — HOGE 1959: 69
Leimadophis reginae macrosoma — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 149
Liophis reginae macrostoma — DIXON 1980: 24
Liophis reginae macrostoma [sic] — DIXON 1983
Liophis macrosomus reginae — CEI 1993
Liophis reginae macrosomus — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 23
Liophis reginae macrosomus — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 101
Liophis reginae macrosoma — LIMA-SILVEIRA et al. 2010
Erythrolamprus reginae macrosomus — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012: 21
Liophis reginae — WALLACH et al. 2014: 393
Erythrolamprus macrosomus — ASCENSO et al. 2019
Erythrolamprus macrosomus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Cerrado in Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Paraná), Argentina (Entre Ríos), Paraguay (Chaco), Bolivia (Cochabamba)

Type locality: Cana Brava, Minaçu, Goiás, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesSyntypes: lost, formerly IBSP 9130–33, lost at the fire accident in the Instituto Butantan.
Holotype: lost, formerly IBSP 9606, lost at the fire accident on the Instituto Butantan [maculicauda] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Erythrolamprus macrosomus is distinguished from all congeners by unique combination of the following characters: (1) dorsal scale rows 17, reducing to 15 rows after midbody; (2) apical pit single; (3) ventrals 137–169 in females and 140–158 in males; (4) subcaudals 53–91 in females and 67–87 in males; (5) dorsum of head olive green, extending to anterior third of the body, gradually changing to grayish-brown at midbody; (6) upper edges of supralabials with the same color of dorsum of head; (7) belly creamish-white with black spots with squared or rhomboid shape arranged in a checkered pattern; (8) lateral black spots absent; (9) ventral surface of tail creamish-white with dots or spots near the cloacal shield; (10) intrasulcal region of hemipenial body with spinules homogeneously distributed; (11) medial region of hemipenial body at asulcate face ornamented with two rows of elongated spines; (12) sulcus spermaticus bifurcates at the half length of hemipenial body; and (13) moderate body size (SVL 136–698 mm). 
CommentSynonymy: WALLACH et al. 2014 list Leimadophis reginae macrosoma and Natrix semilineata as synonyms of Liophis reginae. See also E. reginae and E. zweifeli.

Habitat: semidecidual forests 
References
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